Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilk

The use of cosmetic Botox (BoNT/A) has become increasingly prevalent among women, even during the post-pregnancy breastfeeding period. However, there is currently a limited understanding of the extent Botox enters breastmilk and its potential effect on the breastfeeding infant. In this study, breast...

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Main Authors: Helene Gu, Zhenyu Xu, Renata Koviazina, Pengcheng Tan, Changcheng Zheng, Ferdinand Kappes, Domna G. Kotsifaki, Fangrong Shen, Anastasia Tsigkou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdsfr.2024.1480515/full
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author Helene Gu
Zhenyu Xu
Renata Koviazina
Pengcheng Tan
Changcheng Zheng
Ferdinand Kappes
Domna G. Kotsifaki
Fangrong Shen
Anastasia Tsigkou
author_facet Helene Gu
Zhenyu Xu
Renata Koviazina
Pengcheng Tan
Changcheng Zheng
Ferdinand Kappes
Domna G. Kotsifaki
Fangrong Shen
Anastasia Tsigkou
author_sort Helene Gu
collection DOAJ
description The use of cosmetic Botox (BoNT/A) has become increasingly prevalent among women, even during the post-pregnancy breastfeeding period. However, there is currently a limited understanding of the extent Botox enters breastmilk and its potential effect on the breastfeeding infant. In this study, breastmilk samples were acquired from five women aged between 28 and 45. Three sample sets ranged from 1 h to 1 year after facial Botox treatments (64 U), whereas the remaining two were from women who never received Botox. BoNT/A concentrations in samples were detected using standard Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), unreduced and reduced Western Blotting, confocal micro-Raman Spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). From ELISA, the greatest breastmilk BoNT/A concentration was found from woman 1, 4 days after Botox injection (167 pg/mL). Levels were highest overall in the first week (82.45–167 pg/mL) and around 2 months (132.725 pg/mL) after injection. No clear indication of BoNT/A was detected in Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), Western Blotting and confocal micro-Raman Spectroscopy, but Western blot and confocal micro-Raman Spectroscopy show promise of development into future means of detection. From our study, the amount of BoNT/A in breastmilk peaks around 4 days (167 pg/mL) and at 2 months (132.725 pg/mL) after facial injection. Even over a year after injection, BoNT/A can be detected. However, all quantities of BoNT/A detected (between 34.4 pg/mL and 167 pg/mL) are likely to be safe for infants.
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spelling doaj-art-742482e22b8243d499832af76421feb22025-08-20T02:53:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation2674-08692025-01-01410.3389/fdsfr.2024.14805151480515Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilkHelene Gu0Zhenyu Xu1Renata Koviazina2Pengcheng Tan3Changcheng Zheng4Ferdinand Kappes5Domna G. Kotsifaki6Fangrong Shen7Anastasia Tsigkou8Reproductive Oncology Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaPhotonics Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaReproductive Oncology Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaReproductive Oncology Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaOptical Characterization Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaDivision of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaPhotonics Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaFirst Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, ChinaReproductive Oncology Lab, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, ChinaThe use of cosmetic Botox (BoNT/A) has become increasingly prevalent among women, even during the post-pregnancy breastfeeding period. However, there is currently a limited understanding of the extent Botox enters breastmilk and its potential effect on the breastfeeding infant. In this study, breastmilk samples were acquired from five women aged between 28 and 45. Three sample sets ranged from 1 h to 1 year after facial Botox treatments (64 U), whereas the remaining two were from women who never received Botox. BoNT/A concentrations in samples were detected using standard Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), unreduced and reduced Western Blotting, confocal micro-Raman Spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). From ELISA, the greatest breastmilk BoNT/A concentration was found from woman 1, 4 days after Botox injection (167 pg/mL). Levels were highest overall in the first week (82.45–167 pg/mL) and around 2 months (132.725 pg/mL) after injection. No clear indication of BoNT/A was detected in Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), Western Blotting and confocal micro-Raman Spectroscopy, but Western blot and confocal micro-Raman Spectroscopy show promise of development into future means of detection. From our study, the amount of BoNT/A in breastmilk peaks around 4 days (167 pg/mL) and at 2 months (132.725 pg/mL) after facial injection. Even over a year after injection, BoNT/A can be detected. However, all quantities of BoNT/A detected (between 34.4 pg/mL and 167 pg/mL) are likely to be safe for infants.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdsfr.2024.1480515/fullbreastfeedingbotulinum neurotoxin type AELISAWestern blotconfocal micro-Raman spectroscopymass spectrometry (LC-MS)
spellingShingle Helene Gu
Zhenyu Xu
Renata Koviazina
Pengcheng Tan
Changcheng Zheng
Ferdinand Kappes
Domna G. Kotsifaki
Fangrong Shen
Anastasia Tsigkou
Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilk
Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation
breastfeeding
botulinum neurotoxin type A
ELISA
Western blot
confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy
mass spectrometry (LC-MS)
title Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilk
title_full Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilk
title_fullStr Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilk
title_full_unstemmed Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilk
title_short Detection of nontoxic BoNT/A levels in post-facial Botox injection breastmilk
title_sort detection of nontoxic bont a levels in post facial botox injection breastmilk
topic breastfeeding
botulinum neurotoxin type A
ELISA
Western blot
confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy
mass spectrometry (LC-MS)
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdsfr.2024.1480515/full
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