Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity

Abstract Background Diosbulbin B (DB) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for thyroid cancer treatment, but always brings severe liver injury. In the current study, we investigated the role of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) in DB-induced hepatotoxicity and their anti-tumor effect on BRAF mut pap...

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Main Authors: Shuai Xu, Qi Liang, Hang Li, Hai Zhou, Zhenyuan Xu, Yanjun Yan, Yue Zhang, Renqun Ye, Xujun You
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Cancer Cell International
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-025-03853-4
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author Shuai Xu
Qi Liang
Hang Li
Hai Zhou
Zhenyuan Xu
Yanjun Yan
Yue Zhang
Renqun Ye
Xujun You
author_facet Shuai Xu
Qi Liang
Hang Li
Hai Zhou
Zhenyuan Xu
Yanjun Yan
Yue Zhang
Renqun Ye
Xujun You
author_sort Shuai Xu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Diosbulbin B (DB) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for thyroid cancer treatment, but always brings severe liver injury. In the current study, we investigated the role of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) in DB-induced hepatotoxicity and their anti-tumor effect on BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and disclosed the underlying mechanisms. Methods Two BRAF mut PTC IHH-4 and GLAG-66 cell lines were applied for the in vitro assays. CCK-8, flow cytometry, transwell chambers, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed for cell growth, apoptosis, migration/invasion, malondialdehyde (MDA)/glutathione (GSH) content and mitochondria damage detection. Human normal liver epithelial cell line THLE-2 was used to assess the liver toxicity, together with the animal experiment. Results The IC50 of APS and DB in IHH-4 cells were 153.9 µg/mL and 41.2 µM, respectively, while they were 728.0 µg/mL and 22.74 µM in GLAG-66 cells. Combination of APS and DB enhanced the anti-cancer role of DB with increased cell apoptosis and LDH release, and weakened cell growth, migration and invasion capacities. Interestingly, the combination of these two drugs significantly alleviated the liver injury induced by DB. In mechanism, we found that APS combined with DB treatment triggered the increase of MDA level while decreased GSH level, and deteriorated mitochondria damage. Inhibition of ferroptosis impaired the anti-PTC role of APS combined with DB with no influencing on liver injury both in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions In conclusion, our study shows the combined therapy strategy of APS and DB regimen achieves better anti-cancer response through increasing MDA level while decreasing GSH level. Importantly, the combined therapy of APS and DB significantly decreased the liver toxicity induced by DB. These findings suggest that APS combined DB is a potential therapeutic strategy for BRAF mut PTC with high efficacy and low liver toxicity.
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issn 1475-2867
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-73fe4f1b2d1242598fcf2b224ed82cee2025-08-20T03:42:00ZengBMCCancer Cell International1475-28672025-07-0125111710.1186/s12935-025-03853-4Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicityShuai Xu0Qi Liang1Hang Li2Hai Zhou3Zhenyuan Xu4Yanjun Yan5Yue Zhang6Renqun Ye7Xujun You8Department of Endocrine, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineCentral lab, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Preventive Treatment, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineCentral lab, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Endocrine, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Endocrine, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Endocrine, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao’an Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineAbstract Background Diosbulbin B (DB) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for thyroid cancer treatment, but always brings severe liver injury. In the current study, we investigated the role of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) in DB-induced hepatotoxicity and their anti-tumor effect on BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and disclosed the underlying mechanisms. Methods Two BRAF mut PTC IHH-4 and GLAG-66 cell lines were applied for the in vitro assays. CCK-8, flow cytometry, transwell chambers, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed for cell growth, apoptosis, migration/invasion, malondialdehyde (MDA)/glutathione (GSH) content and mitochondria damage detection. Human normal liver epithelial cell line THLE-2 was used to assess the liver toxicity, together with the animal experiment. Results The IC50 of APS and DB in IHH-4 cells were 153.9 µg/mL and 41.2 µM, respectively, while they were 728.0 µg/mL and 22.74 µM in GLAG-66 cells. Combination of APS and DB enhanced the anti-cancer role of DB with increased cell apoptosis and LDH release, and weakened cell growth, migration and invasion capacities. Interestingly, the combination of these two drugs significantly alleviated the liver injury induced by DB. In mechanism, we found that APS combined with DB treatment triggered the increase of MDA level while decreased GSH level, and deteriorated mitochondria damage. Inhibition of ferroptosis impaired the anti-PTC role of APS combined with DB with no influencing on liver injury both in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions In conclusion, our study shows the combined therapy strategy of APS and DB regimen achieves better anti-cancer response through increasing MDA level while decreasing GSH level. Importantly, the combined therapy of APS and DB significantly decreased the liver toxicity induced by DB. These findings suggest that APS combined DB is a potential therapeutic strategy for BRAF mut PTC with high efficacy and low liver toxicity.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-025-03853-4BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancerLiver injuryAstragalus polysaccharideDiosbulbin BFerroptosis
spellingShingle Shuai Xu
Qi Liang
Hang Li
Hai Zhou
Zhenyuan Xu
Yanjun Yan
Yue Zhang
Renqun Ye
Xujun You
Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity
Cancer Cell International
BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer
Liver injury
Astragalus polysaccharide
Diosbulbin B
Ferroptosis
title Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity
title_full Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity
title_fullStr Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity
title_full_unstemmed Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity
title_short Combination of astragalus polysaccharide with Diosbulbin B exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity
title_sort combination of astragalus polysaccharide with diosbulbin b exerts an enhanced antitumor effect in braf mut papillary thyroid cancer with decreased liver toxicity
topic BRAF mut papillary thyroid cancer
Liver injury
Astragalus polysaccharide
Diosbulbin B
Ferroptosis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-025-03853-4
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