A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases

BackgroundLecanemab and Aducanumab are two novel anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that have shown promise in slowing cognitive decline. However, their safety profiles remain unclear due to limited real-world evidence. This study aims to analyze and compare adverse drug r...

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Main Authors: Haoxiang Hu, Yunhan Zhao, Jiesheng Mao, Jianghai He, Yihan Zhang, Hongyu Ye, Xiaokai Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1561020/full
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author Haoxiang Hu
Yunhan Zhao
Jiesheng Mao
Jianghai He
Yihan Zhang
Hongyu Ye
Xiaokai Yang
author_facet Haoxiang Hu
Yunhan Zhao
Jiesheng Mao
Jianghai He
Yihan Zhang
Hongyu Ye
Xiaokai Yang
author_sort Haoxiang Hu
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundLecanemab and Aducanumab are two novel anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that have shown promise in slowing cognitive decline. However, their safety profiles remain unclear due to limited real-world evidence. This study aims to analyze and compare adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of these drugs using data from the WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted using ADR data from the VigiAccess and FAERS databases, focusing on System Organ Class (SOC) and Preferred Term (PT) classifications. Descriptive statistics and reporting odds ratio (ROR) analysis were employed to evaluate and compare ADR profiles.ResultsLecanemab and Aducanumab exhibited distinct ADRs. Results from both the VigiAccess and FAERS databases indicated that the most SOC associated with both drugs was nervous system disorders (34.7% in VigiAccess, 36.8% in FAERS). Further multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that Aducanumab was associated with a higher risk of nervous system disorders (OR = 4.72, 95% CI: 3.53–6.39, P < 0.001). Among the reported AEs, headache was the most frequently reported for Lecanemab (9.4% in VigiAccess, 8.96% in FAERS), while Aducanumab was primarily associated with amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) (19.1% in VigiAccess, 23.58% in FAERS). In the blood and lymphatic systems, Anemia was observed in both drugs. However, thrombocyto-penia was more prevalent in Lecanemab, while platelet dysfunction and myelosuppression were more frequently observed in Aducanumab. Additionally, hospitalization and mortality rates were higher for Aducanumab compared to Lecanemab.ConclusionThis study compared the ADRs of Lecanemab and Aducanumab, revealing that ARIA was the most common AE for both drugs. However, Lecanemab showed a lower risk of ARIA, cerebral hemorrhage, and severe events. These findings emphasize the need for further clinical research to clarify the long-term safety and efficacy of both drugs.
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spelling doaj-art-73b792945b3c409f92e54ff3102fb0252025-08-20T03:08:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-04-011610.3389/fphar.2025.15610201561020A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databasesHaoxiang HuYunhan ZhaoJiesheng MaoJianghai HeYihan ZhangHongyu YeXiaokai YangBackgroundLecanemab and Aducanumab are two novel anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that have shown promise in slowing cognitive decline. However, their safety profiles remain unclear due to limited real-world evidence. This study aims to analyze and compare adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of these drugs using data from the WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted using ADR data from the VigiAccess and FAERS databases, focusing on System Organ Class (SOC) and Preferred Term (PT) classifications. Descriptive statistics and reporting odds ratio (ROR) analysis were employed to evaluate and compare ADR profiles.ResultsLecanemab and Aducanumab exhibited distinct ADRs. Results from both the VigiAccess and FAERS databases indicated that the most SOC associated with both drugs was nervous system disorders (34.7% in VigiAccess, 36.8% in FAERS). Further multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that Aducanumab was associated with a higher risk of nervous system disorders (OR = 4.72, 95% CI: 3.53–6.39, P < 0.001). Among the reported AEs, headache was the most frequently reported for Lecanemab (9.4% in VigiAccess, 8.96% in FAERS), while Aducanumab was primarily associated with amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) (19.1% in VigiAccess, 23.58% in FAERS). In the blood and lymphatic systems, Anemia was observed in both drugs. However, thrombocyto-penia was more prevalent in Lecanemab, while platelet dysfunction and myelosuppression were more frequently observed in Aducanumab. Additionally, hospitalization and mortality rates were higher for Aducanumab compared to Lecanemab.ConclusionThis study compared the ADRs of Lecanemab and Aducanumab, revealing that ARIA was the most common AE for both drugs. However, Lecanemab showed a lower risk of ARIA, cerebral hemorrhage, and severe events. These findings emphasize the need for further clinical research to clarify the long-term safety and efficacy of both drugs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1561020/fulllecanemabaducanumabalzheimer’s disease (AD)VigiAccessFAERS
spellingShingle Haoxiang Hu
Yunhan Zhao
Jiesheng Mao
Jianghai He
Yihan Zhang
Hongyu Ye
Xiaokai Yang
A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases
Frontiers in Pharmacology
lecanemab
aducanumab
alzheimer’s disease (AD)
VigiAccess
FAERS
title A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases
title_full A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases
title_fullStr A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases
title_full_unstemmed A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases
title_short A real-world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on WHO-VigiAccess and FAERS databases
title_sort real world pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reactions associated with lecanemab and aducanumab based on who vigiaccess and faers databases
topic lecanemab
aducanumab
alzheimer’s disease (AD)
VigiAccess
FAERS
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1561020/full
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