Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage Grids
Voltage regulation in low-voltage (LV) distribution grids is essential to increase the penetration of photovoltaic (PV) rooftop units. Hence, PV inverters are commonly embedded with volt-var (VV) and volt-watt (VW) control functions to support the grid voltage regulation within the grid codes. Such...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Helio M. A. Antunes Hugo Rodrigues Torquato Joao Marcus Soares Callegari Lucas Savoi Araujo Danilo I. Brandao |
| author_facet | Helio M. A. Antunes Hugo Rodrigues Torquato Joao Marcus Soares Callegari Lucas Savoi Araujo Danilo I. Brandao |
| author_sort | Helio M. A. Antunes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Voltage regulation in low-voltage (LV) distribution grids is essential to increase the penetration of photovoltaic (PV) rooftop units. Hence, PV inverters are commonly embedded with volt-var (VV) and volt-watt (VW) control functions to support the grid voltage regulation within the grid codes. Such an approach usually increases the LV grid hosting capacity (HC) by 1.5 to 2 times at the cost of energy curtail. Thus, the use of decentralized battery energy storage systems (BESS) near to nodes sensible to overvoltage become appealing, as it stores energy without creating current circulation within the grid. However, there are still gaps in sizing of decentralized BESSs and in quantifying their improvement in terms of HC. Thus, this paper contributes with a comprehensive study that evaluates the HC of a generic LV grid comprised of PV units with embedded VV and VW control functions, and proposes a methodology to guide the sizing of small decentralized BESS used to increase the grid HC. Using OpenDSS software, the VV and VW control functions are evaluated and compared with a base scenario where PV units operate at a unity power factor. The active power curtailment is used to size decentralized BESS to absorb excess energy, avoiding PV active power derating. Results show that BESS units, sized at about 5-10% of the PV power capacity, can reduce revenue impacts and increase HC by over 30% in LV grids. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-739cd1ba459e42f5b3612c8767ffdc74 |
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| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| spelling | doaj-art-739cd1ba459e42f5b3612c8767ffdc742025-08-20T02:11:25ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113672866730010.1109/ACCESS.2025.356048410964220Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage GridsHelio M. A. Antunes0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8247-6448Hugo Rodrigues Torquato1Joao Marcus Soares Callegari2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6264-351XLucas Savoi Araujo3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-6699Danilo I. Brandao4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-1167Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, BrazilGraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilGraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilGraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilGraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, BrazilVoltage regulation in low-voltage (LV) distribution grids is essential to increase the penetration of photovoltaic (PV) rooftop units. Hence, PV inverters are commonly embedded with volt-var (VV) and volt-watt (VW) control functions to support the grid voltage regulation within the grid codes. Such an approach usually increases the LV grid hosting capacity (HC) by 1.5 to 2 times at the cost of energy curtail. Thus, the use of decentralized battery energy storage systems (BESS) near to nodes sensible to overvoltage become appealing, as it stores energy without creating current circulation within the grid. However, there are still gaps in sizing of decentralized BESSs and in quantifying their improvement in terms of HC. Thus, this paper contributes with a comprehensive study that evaluates the HC of a generic LV grid comprised of PV units with embedded VV and VW control functions, and proposes a methodology to guide the sizing of small decentralized BESS used to increase the grid HC. Using OpenDSS software, the VV and VW control functions are evaluated and compared with a base scenario where PV units operate at a unity power factor. The active power curtailment is used to size decentralized BESS to absorb excess energy, avoiding PV active power derating. Results show that BESS units, sized at about 5-10% of the PV power capacity, can reduce revenue impacts and increase HC by over 30% in LV grids.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10964220/Hosting capacityvolt-varvolt-wattphotovoltaicbattery energy storage system |
| spellingShingle | Helio M. A. Antunes Hugo Rodrigues Torquato Joao Marcus Soares Callegari Lucas Savoi Araujo Danilo I. Brandao Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage Grids IEEE Access Hosting capacity volt-var volt-watt photovoltaic battery energy storage system |
| title | Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage Grids |
| title_full | Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage Grids |
| title_fullStr | Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage Grids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage Grids |
| title_short | Hosting-Capacity Improvement Using Rooftop Photovoltaics and Decentralized BESS in Low Voltage Grids |
| title_sort | hosting capacity improvement using rooftop photovoltaics and decentralized bess in low voltage grids |
| topic | Hosting capacity volt-var volt-watt photovoltaic battery energy storage system |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10964220/ |
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