Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index

Climate fluctuations due to global warming significantly impact the wine grape industry. This study introduces the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index (STAI), which is specifically designed to isolate temperature trends and quantify the effects of temperature fluctuations on low-temperature st...

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Main Authors: Yunlong Ma, Jinyue Yang, Ping Wang, Guoli Cheng, Qinming Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Plants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1886
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author Yunlong Ma
Jinyue Yang
Ping Wang
Guoli Cheng
Qinming Sun
author_facet Yunlong Ma
Jinyue Yang
Ping Wang
Guoli Cheng
Qinming Sun
author_sort Yunlong Ma
collection DOAJ
description Climate fluctuations due to global warming significantly impact the wine grape industry. This study introduces the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index (STAI), which is specifically designed to isolate temperature trends and quantify the effects of temperature fluctuations on low-temperature stress affecting Cabernet Sauvignon branches and yields in the wine grape production regions of Xinjiang. A low-temperature fluctuation experiment was conducted on Cabernet Sauvignon branches to simulate the temperature conditions and fluctuations experienced by wine grapes during the overwintering period. The treated branches then underwent recovery growth experiments, during which key physiological stress parameters were measured to assess the impact of temperature fluctuations on grape growth and development during overwintering. The results indicated that under identical low-temperature conditions, increased temperature fluctuations led to a 62% reduction in the budding rate of Cabernet Sauvignon branches, a 6% increase in relative conductivity, and elevated levels of proline, malondialdehyde, and soluble proteins. Additionally, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase initially rose and then declined, indicating that temperature fluctuations intensified low-temperature stress. Data analysis from four wine grape production regions in Xinjiang between 2000 and 2020 revealed that temperature fluctuations corresponded with the peaks and troughs of yield fitting curves, demonstrating a negative correlation. As temperature fluctuations increased, yields decreased. The STAI introduced in this study is a straightforward, standardized measure that accurately reflects the effects of temperature fluctuations on grapes and is a valuable tool for future research on temperature variability and its impacts.
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institution Kabale University
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spelling doaj-art-739079cb1fa643189c2749b976c55a122025-08-20T03:27:32ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-06-011412188610.3390/plants14121886Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation IndexYunlong Ma0Jinyue Yang1Ping Wang2Guoli Cheng3Qinming Sun4Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, ChinaAgricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, ChinaFood College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, ChinaChateau Changyu Baron Balboa, Shihezi 832000, ChinaAgricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, ChinaClimate fluctuations due to global warming significantly impact the wine grape industry. This study introduces the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index (STAI), which is specifically designed to isolate temperature trends and quantify the effects of temperature fluctuations on low-temperature stress affecting Cabernet Sauvignon branches and yields in the wine grape production regions of Xinjiang. A low-temperature fluctuation experiment was conducted on Cabernet Sauvignon branches to simulate the temperature conditions and fluctuations experienced by wine grapes during the overwintering period. The treated branches then underwent recovery growth experiments, during which key physiological stress parameters were measured to assess the impact of temperature fluctuations on grape growth and development during overwintering. The results indicated that under identical low-temperature conditions, increased temperature fluctuations led to a 62% reduction in the budding rate of Cabernet Sauvignon branches, a 6% increase in relative conductivity, and elevated levels of proline, malondialdehyde, and soluble proteins. Additionally, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase initially rose and then declined, indicating that temperature fluctuations intensified low-temperature stress. Data analysis from four wine grape production regions in Xinjiang between 2000 and 2020 revealed that temperature fluctuations corresponded with the peaks and troughs of yield fitting curves, demonstrating a negative correlation. As temperature fluctuations increased, yields decreased. The STAI introduced in this study is a straightforward, standardized measure that accurately reflects the effects of temperature fluctuations on grapes and is a valuable tool for future research on temperature variability and its impacts.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1886climate changeclod stresstemperature variabilitygrapevine physiologyCabernet
spellingShingle Yunlong Ma
Jinyue Yang
Ping Wang
Guoli Cheng
Qinming Sun
Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index
Plants
climate change
clod stress
temperature variability
grapevine physiology
Cabernet
title Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index
title_full Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index
title_fullStr Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index
title_short Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Cabernet Sauvignon Branches and Wine Grape Appellation Yields: An Analysis Based on the Standardized Temperature Adaptation Index
title_sort effects of temperature fluctuations on cabernet sauvignon branches and wine grape appellation yields an analysis based on the standardized temperature adaptation index
topic climate change
clod stress
temperature variability
grapevine physiology
Cabernet
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/12/1886
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