Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis

Abstract Although emotions are regarded as essential in automatic cyberbullying detection, the nuanced links between emotion types and roles remain underexplored. The dynamics of cyberbullying are therefore somewhat ambiguous. To address these issues, we analyzed the emotional patterns and connectio...

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Main Authors: Jinping Zhong, Yilan Mo, Junyi Zhang, Panpan Liu, Xianfei Luo, Lixiang Liu, Ruofei Ding, Jingxiu Huang, Yunxiang Zheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2025-08-01
Series:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05689-9
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author Jinping Zhong
Yilan Mo
Junyi Zhang
Panpan Liu
Xianfei Luo
Lixiang Liu
Ruofei Ding
Jingxiu Huang
Yunxiang Zheng
author_facet Jinping Zhong
Yilan Mo
Junyi Zhang
Panpan Liu
Xianfei Luo
Lixiang Liu
Ruofei Ding
Jingxiu Huang
Yunxiang Zheng
author_sort Jinping Zhong
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Although emotions are regarded as essential in automatic cyberbullying detection, the nuanced links between emotion types and roles remain underexplored. The dynamics of cyberbullying are therefore somewhat ambiguous. To address these issues, we analyzed the emotional patterns and connections between five cyberbullying roles (bullies, outsiders, assistants, defenders, and reporters) on a Chinese social media platform. Six emotions were extracted from 11,601 comments using a large pre-trained model for affective computing. Through epistemic network analysis, this study identified three co-occurrence patterns of emotional expressions among these roles, namely, anger-dominated negative pattern, happiness-anger conflicting pattern, and surprise-fear moderate pattern. Beyond just Angry, three emotions (Fearful, Happy, and Surprised) varied significantly among nearly all roles. In addition to the valence of emotions, the position of these roles within the overall network may also be associated with different levels of emotional arousal. Results of subtracted networks for three role pairs further indicated that these emotional co-occurrences may help identify roles for their perceptions, judgments, and intentions regarding others. These insights hold promise for enhancing targeted bullying detection and intervention.
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institution DOAJ
issn 2662-9992
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publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Springer Nature
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series Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
spelling doaj-art-737dd2f915d740028fd830bd98cf16a12025-08-20T03:04:35ZengSpringer NatureHumanities & Social Sciences Communications2662-99922025-08-0112111310.1057/s41599-025-05689-9Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysisJinping Zhong0Yilan Mo1Junyi Zhang2Panpan Liu3Xianfei Luo4Lixiang Liu5Ruofei Ding6Jingxiu Huang7Yunxiang Zheng8School of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversitySchool of Educational Information Technology, South China Normal UniversityAbstract Although emotions are regarded as essential in automatic cyberbullying detection, the nuanced links between emotion types and roles remain underexplored. The dynamics of cyberbullying are therefore somewhat ambiguous. To address these issues, we analyzed the emotional patterns and connections between five cyberbullying roles (bullies, outsiders, assistants, defenders, and reporters) on a Chinese social media platform. Six emotions were extracted from 11,601 comments using a large pre-trained model for affective computing. Through epistemic network analysis, this study identified three co-occurrence patterns of emotional expressions among these roles, namely, anger-dominated negative pattern, happiness-anger conflicting pattern, and surprise-fear moderate pattern. Beyond just Angry, three emotions (Fearful, Happy, and Surprised) varied significantly among nearly all roles. In addition to the valence of emotions, the position of these roles within the overall network may also be associated with different levels of emotional arousal. Results of subtracted networks for three role pairs further indicated that these emotional co-occurrences may help identify roles for their perceptions, judgments, and intentions regarding others. These insights hold promise for enhancing targeted bullying detection and intervention.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05689-9
spellingShingle Jinping Zhong
Yilan Mo
Junyi Zhang
Panpan Liu
Xianfei Luo
Lixiang Liu
Ruofei Ding
Jingxiu Huang
Yunxiang Zheng
Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
title Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis
title_full Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis
title_fullStr Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis
title_full_unstemmed Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis
title_short Beyond anger: uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis
title_sort beyond anger uncovering complex emotional patterns between cyberbullying roles through affective computing and epistemic network analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05689-9
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