Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A Review
Water pollution is a major concern due to its detrimental effects on the environment and public health. The particular danger of inorganic pollutants arises from their persistent toxicity and inability to biodegrade. Recently, electrocoagulation (EC) has been demonstrated as an alternative sustainab...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Mohamed Ammar Ezz Yousef Sherif Ashraf Jonas Baltrusaitis |
| author_facet | Mohamed Ammar Ezz Yousef Sherif Ashraf Jonas Baltrusaitis |
| author_sort | Mohamed Ammar |
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| description | Water pollution is a major concern due to its detrimental effects on the environment and public health. The particular danger of inorganic pollutants arises from their persistent toxicity and inability to biodegrade. Recently, electrocoagulation (EC) has been demonstrated as an alternative sustainable approach to purifying wastewater due to the increasingly strict pollution prevention rules. In particular, EC has been used to remove inorganic pollutants, such as Cr, Zn, Pb, or As. EC has emerged as a sustainable tool for resource recovery of some inorganic pollutants such as N and P that, when recovered, have value as plant nutrients and are critical in a circular economy. These recovered materials can be obtained from diverse agricultural drainage water and recycled as fertilizers. In this work, a state-of-the-art technique is reviewed describing the advances in contaminant removal and nutrient recovery using EC through an in-depth discussion of the factors influencing the contaminant removal process, including operating pH, time, power, and concentration. Furthermore, limitations of the EC technology are reviewed, including the high-power consumption, fast deterioration of the sacrificial electrodes, and the types of contaminants that could not be efficiently removed. Finally, new emerging constructs in EC process optimization parameters are presented. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-735f6fc91f7b46118bcff1463e163e82 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2297-8739 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Separations |
| spelling | doaj-art-735f6fc91f7b46118bcff1463e163e822025-08-20T02:27:39ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392024-11-01111132010.3390/separations11110320Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A ReviewMohamed Ammar0Ezz Yousef1Sherif Ashraf2Jonas Baltrusaitis3Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, 111 Research Dr., Bethlehem, PA 18015, USADepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez P.O. Box 43221, EgyptDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez P.O. Box 43221, EgyptDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, 111 Research Dr., Bethlehem, PA 18015, USAWater pollution is a major concern due to its detrimental effects on the environment and public health. The particular danger of inorganic pollutants arises from their persistent toxicity and inability to biodegrade. Recently, electrocoagulation (EC) has been demonstrated as an alternative sustainable approach to purifying wastewater due to the increasingly strict pollution prevention rules. In particular, EC has been used to remove inorganic pollutants, such as Cr, Zn, Pb, or As. EC has emerged as a sustainable tool for resource recovery of some inorganic pollutants such as N and P that, when recovered, have value as plant nutrients and are critical in a circular economy. These recovered materials can be obtained from diverse agricultural drainage water and recycled as fertilizers. In this work, a state-of-the-art technique is reviewed describing the advances in contaminant removal and nutrient recovery using EC through an in-depth discussion of the factors influencing the contaminant removal process, including operating pH, time, power, and concentration. Furthermore, limitations of the EC technology are reviewed, including the high-power consumption, fast deterioration of the sacrificial electrodes, and the types of contaminants that could not be efficiently removed. Finally, new emerging constructs in EC process optimization parameters are presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/11/11/320electrocoagulationwastewaternutrients recoveryammonia recoveryarsenic removal |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Ammar Ezz Yousef Sherif Ashraf Jonas Baltrusaitis Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A Review Separations electrocoagulation wastewater nutrients recovery ammonia recovery arsenic removal |
| title | Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A Review |
| title_full | Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A Review |
| title_short | Removal of Inorganic Pollutants and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation: A Review |
| title_sort | removal of inorganic pollutants and recovery of nutrients from wastewater using electrocoagulation a review |
| topic | electrocoagulation wastewater nutrients recovery ammonia recovery arsenic removal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/11/11/320 |
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