Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus Infection
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major cause of respiratory infections worldwide. Current preventive measures, though effective for decades, face limitations due to the continuous evolution of viral strains and challenges in targeting specific viral proteins. In this study, we conducted in vivo screenin...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Kyeunghwa Chun Yujeong Na Byeongyong Kim Dongjin Lee Jongseo Choi Gwanyoung Kim Sokho Kim Min-Soo Kim |
| author_facet | Kyeunghwa Chun Yujeong Na Byeongyong Kim Dongjin Lee Jongseo Choi Gwanyoung Kim Sokho Kim Min-Soo Kim |
| author_sort | Kyeunghwa Chun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major cause of respiratory infections worldwide. Current preventive measures, though effective for decades, face limitations due to the continuous evolution of viral strains and challenges in targeting specific viral proteins. In this study, we conducted in vivo screenings to evaluate the antiviral properties of various promising polymers to overcome the limitations of current virus infection prevention strategies. Subsequently, we performed detailed physiological and pathological assessments over an extended infection period. In the animal experiments regarding weight loss, a key symptom of viral infection, the group treated with xanthan gum (XG) showed significant suppression of weight loss compared to the untreated group starting from 3 DPI. Throughout the experiment, the treated group maintained a body weight similar to that of the uninfected group. In the virus titration and lung tissue pathology analysis, the group treated with the test substance showed a significantly lower viral load and tissue pathology results closer to normal compared to the untreated group. Additionally, we conducted in vitro combination treatment experiments to evaluate the antiviral ability of XG in conjunction with camostat, a previously known TMPRSS2 inhibitor. The results demonstrated that in the combination-treated groups, XG and camostat exhibited significantly higher cell viability at lower concentrations compared to the single-treatment groups for influenza A H1N1, A H3N2, and B type. These results indicate that XG possesses potential capabilities in inhibiting respiratory viruses and may be utilized in conjunction with existing antiviral treatments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-735914d7c943425caedf51298f33cbe5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-735914d7c943425caedf51298f33cbe52025-08-20T01:50:10ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-02-0117330110.3390/v17030301Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus InfectionKyeunghwa Chun0Yujeong Na1Byeongyong Kim2Dongjin Lee3Jongseo Choi4Gwanyoung Kim5Sokho Kim6Min-Soo Kim7Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 72, Dugye-ro, Pogok-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si 17028, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDaewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 72, Dugye-ro, Pogok-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si 17028, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDaewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 72, Dugye-ro, Pogok-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si 17028, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDaewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 72, Dugye-ro, Pogok-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si 17028, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDaewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 72, Dugye-ro, Pogok-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si 17028, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDaewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 72, Dugye-ro, Pogok-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si 17028, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaMajor of Biohealth Regulatory Science, School of Liberal Studies, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan 54150, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaInfluenza A virus (IAV) is a major cause of respiratory infections worldwide. Current preventive measures, though effective for decades, face limitations due to the continuous evolution of viral strains and challenges in targeting specific viral proteins. In this study, we conducted in vivo screenings to evaluate the antiviral properties of various promising polymers to overcome the limitations of current virus infection prevention strategies. Subsequently, we performed detailed physiological and pathological assessments over an extended infection period. In the animal experiments regarding weight loss, a key symptom of viral infection, the group treated with xanthan gum (XG) showed significant suppression of weight loss compared to the untreated group starting from 3 DPI. Throughout the experiment, the treated group maintained a body weight similar to that of the uninfected group. In the virus titration and lung tissue pathology analysis, the group treated with the test substance showed a significantly lower viral load and tissue pathology results closer to normal compared to the untreated group. Additionally, we conducted in vitro combination treatment experiments to evaluate the antiviral ability of XG in conjunction with camostat, a previously known TMPRSS2 inhibitor. The results demonstrated that in the combination-treated groups, XG and camostat exhibited significantly higher cell viability at lower concentrations compared to the single-treatment groups for influenza A H1N1, A H3N2, and B type. These results indicate that XG possesses potential capabilities in inhibiting respiratory viruses and may be utilized in conjunction with existing antiviral treatments.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/3/301influenza A virusxanthan gumcamostatantiviral effect |
| spellingShingle | Kyeunghwa Chun Yujeong Na Byeongyong Kim Dongjin Lee Jongseo Choi Gwanyoung Kim Sokho Kim Min-Soo Kim Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus Infection Viruses influenza A virus xanthan gum camostat antiviral effect |
| title | Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus Infection |
| title_full | Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus Infection |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus Infection |
| title_short | Synergistic Antiviral Activity of Xanthan Gum and Camostat Against Influenza Virus Infection |
| title_sort | synergistic antiviral activity of xanthan gum and camostat against influenza virus infection |
| topic | influenza A virus xanthan gum camostat antiviral effect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/3/301 |
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