Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in Sweden

Background It has been estimated that 80% of cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are due to cardiac causes. It is well-documented that diabetes is a risk factor for conditions associated with sudden cardiac arrest. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) displays a threefold to fivefold increased risk of c...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Truls Råmunddal, Zacharias Mandalenakis, Araz Rawshani, Oskar Angerås, Petur Petursson, Aidin Rawshani, Christian Dworeck, Erik Thunström, Berkan Eken, Antros Louca, Sadek Nadhir
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2024-07-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/7/e080710.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850206659850272768
author Truls Råmunddal
Zacharias Mandalenakis
Araz Rawshani
Oskar Angerås
Petur Petursson
Aidin Rawshani
Christian Dworeck
Erik Thunström
Berkan Eken
Antros Louca
Sadek Nadhir
author_facet Truls Råmunddal
Zacharias Mandalenakis
Araz Rawshani
Oskar Angerås
Petur Petursson
Aidin Rawshani
Christian Dworeck
Erik Thunström
Berkan Eken
Antros Louca
Sadek Nadhir
author_sort Truls Råmunddal
collection DOAJ
description Background It has been estimated that 80% of cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are due to cardiac causes. It is well-documented that diabetes is a risk factor for conditions associated with sudden cardiac arrest. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) displays a threefold to fivefold increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death compared with the general population.Objective This study aims to assess the characteristics and survival outcomes of individuals with and without T1D who experienced an OHCA. Design: A registry-based nationwide observational study with two cohorts, patients with T1D and patients without T1D. Setting: All emergency medical services and hospitals in Sweden were included in the study.Participants Using the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry, we enrolled 54 568 cases of OHCA where cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted between 2010 and 2020. Among them, 448 patients with T1D were identified using International Classification of Diseases-code: E10.Methods Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier and logistic regression. Multiple regression was adjusted for age, sex, cause of arrest, prevalence of T1D and time to cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Main outcome measures The outcomes were discharge status (alive vs dead), 30 days survival and neurological outcome at discharge.Results There were no significant differences in patients discharged alive with T1D 37.3% versus, 46% among cases without T1D. There was also no difference in neurological outcome. Kaplan-Meier curves yielded no significant difference in long-term survival. Multiple regression showed no significant association with survival after accounting for covariates, OR 0.99 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.02), p value=0.7. Baseline characteristics indicate that patients with T1D were 5 years younger at OHCA occurrence and had proportionally fewer cases of heart disease as the cause of arrest (57.6% vs 62.7%).Conclusion We conclude, with the current sample size, that there is no statistically significant difference in long-term or short-term survival between patients with and without T1D following OHCA.
format Article
id doaj-art-734071f285084f83bc23cfb46d38e081
institution OA Journals
issn 2044-6055
language English
publishDate 2024-07-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series BMJ Open
spelling doaj-art-734071f285084f83bc23cfb46d38e0812025-08-20T02:10:43ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552024-07-0114710.1136/bmjopen-2023-080710Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in SwedenTruls Råmunddal0Zacharias Mandalenakis1Araz Rawshani2Oskar Angerås3Petur Petursson4Aidin Rawshani5Christian Dworeck6Erik Thunström7Berkan Eken8Antros Louca9Sadek Nadhir10Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, SwedenDepartment of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, SwedenCentre for Digital Health, Område Digitalisering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, SwedenDepartment of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset, Goteborg, SwedenDepartment of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset, Goteborg, SwedenUniversity of Gothenburg Institute of Medicine, Goteborg, SwedenDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, SwedenDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg, SwedenSahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenUniversity of Gothenburg Institute of Medicine, Goteborg, SwedenSahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenBackground It has been estimated that 80% of cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are due to cardiac causes. It is well-documented that diabetes is a risk factor for conditions associated with sudden cardiac arrest. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) displays a threefold to fivefold increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death compared with the general population.Objective This study aims to assess the characteristics and survival outcomes of individuals with and without T1D who experienced an OHCA. Design: A registry-based nationwide observational study with two cohorts, patients with T1D and patients without T1D. Setting: All emergency medical services and hospitals in Sweden were included in the study.Participants Using the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry, we enrolled 54 568 cases of OHCA where cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted between 2010 and 2020. Among them, 448 patients with T1D were identified using International Classification of Diseases-code: E10.Methods Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier and logistic regression. Multiple regression was adjusted for age, sex, cause of arrest, prevalence of T1D and time to cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Main outcome measures The outcomes were discharge status (alive vs dead), 30 days survival and neurological outcome at discharge.Results There were no significant differences in patients discharged alive with T1D 37.3% versus, 46% among cases without T1D. There was also no difference in neurological outcome. Kaplan-Meier curves yielded no significant difference in long-term survival. Multiple regression showed no significant association with survival after accounting for covariates, OR 0.99 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.02), p value=0.7. Baseline characteristics indicate that patients with T1D were 5 years younger at OHCA occurrence and had proportionally fewer cases of heart disease as the cause of arrest (57.6% vs 62.7%).Conclusion We conclude, with the current sample size, that there is no statistically significant difference in long-term or short-term survival between patients with and without T1D following OHCA.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/7/e080710.full
spellingShingle Truls Råmunddal
Zacharias Mandalenakis
Araz Rawshani
Oskar Angerås
Petur Petursson
Aidin Rawshani
Christian Dworeck
Erik Thunström
Berkan Eken
Antros Louca
Sadek Nadhir
Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in Sweden
BMJ Open
title Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in Sweden
title_full Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in Sweden
title_fullStr Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in Sweden
title_full_unstemmed Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in Sweden
title_short Effects of pre-existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry-based observational study in Sweden
title_sort effects of pre existing type 1 diabetes mellitus on survival outcome following out of hospital cardiac arrest a registry based observational study in sweden
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/7/e080710.full
work_keys_str_mv AT trulsramunddal effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT zachariasmandalenakis effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT arazrawshani effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT oskarangeras effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT peturpetursson effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT aidinrawshani effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT christiandworeck effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT erikthunstrom effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT berkaneken effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT antroslouca effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden
AT sadeknadhir effectsofpreexistingtype1diabetesmellitusonsurvivaloutcomefollowingoutofhospitalcardiacarrestaregistrybasedobservationalstudyinsweden