Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors

This study evaluates the efficiency of an automated irrigation system using dendrometer sensors in apple orchards and compares it to a standard grower commercial irrigation approach based on soil moisture sensors. An algorithm was developed to balance daily stem shrinkage (water loss) and expansion...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Thainná Waldburger, Thomas Anken, Marianne Cockburn, Achim Walter, Matthias Hatt, Camilo Chiang, Hassan-Roland Nasser
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:Agricultural Water Management
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742500112X
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850032481391083520
author Thainná Waldburger
Thomas Anken
Marianne Cockburn
Achim Walter
Matthias Hatt
Camilo Chiang
Hassan-Roland Nasser
author_facet Thainná Waldburger
Thomas Anken
Marianne Cockburn
Achim Walter
Matthias Hatt
Camilo Chiang
Hassan-Roland Nasser
author_sort Thainná Waldburger
collection DOAJ
description This study evaluates the efficiency of an automated irrigation system using dendrometer sensors in apple orchards and compares it to a standard grower commercial irrigation approach based on soil moisture sensors. An algorithm was developed to balance daily stem shrinkage (water loss) and expansion (water uptake), aiming for a stable dendrometer signal. The dendrometer-based irrigation system (DENDRO) significantly reduced water use—by 38 % in 2022 and more than 45 % in 2023—while maintaining yields similar to those of the soil moisture-based system (SOIL). The DENDRO responded quite well to plant water stress, as indicated by stem water potential (WP). Although the tested algorithm proved to be efficient, the results also indicated the potential for optimization. One example is shortening the averaging period used to calculate stem recovery (RΔ). The SOIL method was effective in fruit production but proved to be less efficient in reflecting water needs. Alternative approaches, including FAO-based irrigation (FAO) and a linear regression model combining dendrometer parameters and climatic data (MODEL), were also assessed. The FAO method tended to overestimate water requirements, while the MODEL method showed promise for dynamic irrigation adjustment based on climatic conditions and dendrometer values. Overall, the findings highlight the advantage of integrating plant-based sensors, such as dendrometers, for more precise irrigation management in orchard systems, leading to more sustainable water use without compromising crop yield.
format Article
id doaj-art-73299d4facf245eba6275e7c773c0c19
institution DOAJ
issn 1873-2283
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Agricultural Water Management
spelling doaj-art-73299d4facf245eba6275e7c773c0c192025-08-20T02:58:37ZengElsevierAgricultural Water Management1873-22832025-04-0131110939810.1016/j.agwat.2025.109398Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensorsThainná Waldburger0Thomas Anken1Marianne Cockburn2Achim Walter3Matthias Hatt4Camilo Chiang5Hassan-Roland Nasser6Agroscope, Competitiveness and System Evaluation, Tänikon 1, Ettenhausen 8356, Switzerland; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, Zurich 8092, Switzerland; Corresponding author at: Agroscope, Competitiveness and System Evaluation, Tänikon 1, Ettenhausen 8356, Switzerland.Agroscope, Competitiveness and System Evaluation, Tänikon 1, Ettenhausen 8356, SwitzerlandAgroscope, Animals and animal products, Equines, Les Longs-Prés, Avenches 1580, SwitzerlandInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, Zurich 8092, SwitzerlandAgroscope, Competitiveness and System Evaluation, Tänikon 1, Ettenhausen 8356, SwitzerlandAgroscope, Competitiveness and System Evaluation, Tänikon 1, Ettenhausen 8356, SwitzerlandAgroscope, Competitiveness and System Evaluation, Tänikon 1, Ettenhausen 8356, SwitzerlandThis study evaluates the efficiency of an automated irrigation system using dendrometer sensors in apple orchards and compares it to a standard grower commercial irrigation approach based on soil moisture sensors. An algorithm was developed to balance daily stem shrinkage (water loss) and expansion (water uptake), aiming for a stable dendrometer signal. The dendrometer-based irrigation system (DENDRO) significantly reduced water use—by 38 % in 2022 and more than 45 % in 2023—while maintaining yields similar to those of the soil moisture-based system (SOIL). The DENDRO responded quite well to plant water stress, as indicated by stem water potential (WP). Although the tested algorithm proved to be efficient, the results also indicated the potential for optimization. One example is shortening the averaging period used to calculate stem recovery (RΔ). The SOIL method was effective in fruit production but proved to be less efficient in reflecting water needs. Alternative approaches, including FAO-based irrigation (FAO) and a linear regression model combining dendrometer parameters and climatic data (MODEL), were also assessed. The FAO method tended to overestimate water requirements, while the MODEL method showed promise for dynamic irrigation adjustment based on climatic conditions and dendrometer values. Overall, the findings highlight the advantage of integrating plant-based sensors, such as dendrometers, for more precise irrigation management in orchard systems, leading to more sustainable water use without compromising crop yield.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742500112X
spellingShingle Thainná Waldburger
Thomas Anken
Marianne Cockburn
Achim Walter
Matthias Hatt
Camilo Chiang
Hassan-Roland Nasser
Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors
Agricultural Water Management
title Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors
title_full Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors
title_fullStr Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors
title_full_unstemmed Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors
title_short Automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors
title_sort automated irrigation of apple trees based on dendrometer sensors
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037837742500112X
work_keys_str_mv AT thainnawaldburger automatedirrigationofappletreesbasedondendrometersensors
AT thomasanken automatedirrigationofappletreesbasedondendrometersensors
AT mariannecockburn automatedirrigationofappletreesbasedondendrometersensors
AT achimwalter automatedirrigationofappletreesbasedondendrometersensors
AT matthiashatt automatedirrigationofappletreesbasedondendrometersensors
AT camilochiang automatedirrigationofappletreesbasedondendrometersensors
AT hassanrolandnasser automatedirrigationofappletreesbasedondendrometersensors