Comparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection

Abstract Aims This study aimed to assess whether the clinical outcomes of one-stage revision surgery for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection (kPJI), guided by precision pathogen diagnosis strategies, are non-inferior to those of conventional two-stage revision surgery. Methods A retrospectiv...

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Main Authors: Zhengwei Xiao, Jinyuan Zeng, Zeyu Zhang, Baijian Wu, Zihao Hong, Yufeng Guo, Chengguo Huang, Zida Huang, Zhaoyang Wu, Wenming Zhang, Xinyu Fang, Wenbo Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Arthroplasty
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s42836-025-00308-z
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author Zhengwei Xiao
Jinyuan Zeng
Zeyu Zhang
Baijian Wu
Zihao Hong
Yufeng Guo
Chengguo Huang
Zida Huang
Zhaoyang Wu
Wenming Zhang
Xinyu Fang
Wenbo Li
author_facet Zhengwei Xiao
Jinyuan Zeng
Zeyu Zhang
Baijian Wu
Zihao Hong
Yufeng Guo
Chengguo Huang
Zida Huang
Zhaoyang Wu
Wenming Zhang
Xinyu Fang
Wenbo Li
author_sort Zhengwei Xiao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Aims This study aimed to assess whether the clinical outcomes of one-stage revision surgery for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection (kPJI), guided by precision pathogen diagnosis strategies, are non-inferior to those of conventional two-stage revision surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on chronic kPJI patients who underwent precision pathogen detection and revision arthroplasty at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2016 and September 2022. Clinical characteristics, pathogen detection rates, targeted antibiotic therapy, reinfection rates, and functional outcomes were compared between patients who underwent one-stage and two-stage revision surgeries. Results Thirty patients who underwent one-stage revision surgery with pathogen detection through precision pathogen diagnosis strategies were included in this study and were matched with 30 patients who received two-stage revision surgery via propensity score matching (PSM). The baseline clinical characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups. Utilizing our optimized pathogen detection protocol, successful pathogen identification was achieved in all cases across both groups. The median duration of intravenous antibiotic administration in the one-stage revision cohort was 16.5 (8.5,23.0) days, followed by a 6-week course of sequential oral antibiotics. Both the one-stage and two-stage revision groups had 3 cases of reinfection each, with no statistically significant difference in success rates between the groups (P > 0.999). Furthermore, no significant differences were found in the range of motion (ROM) (P = 0.332) or Knee Society score (KSS) (P = 0.117) between the one-stage and two-stage revision groups at the 2-year postoperative follow-up. The Kaplan‒Meier survival curves for prosthesis infection-free survival nearly overlapped, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.675). Conclusion When pathogen identification is achieved through precision diagnostic strategies, the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery combined with targeted antibiotic therapy is comparable to that of two-stage revision surgery.
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issn 2524-7948
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publisher BMC
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series Arthroplasty
spelling doaj-art-730eabca39d64411bbef8a5bfd7199a42025-08-20T03:22:04ZengBMCArthroplasty2524-79482025-05-017111010.1186/s42836-025-00308-zComparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infectionZhengwei Xiao0Jinyuan Zeng1Zeyu Zhang2Baijian Wu3Zihao Hong4Yufeng Guo5Chengguo Huang6Zida Huang7Zhaoyang Wu8Wenming Zhang9Xinyu Fang10Wenbo Li11Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changtai County HospitalDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pingnan County HospitalDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityAbstract Aims This study aimed to assess whether the clinical outcomes of one-stage revision surgery for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection (kPJI), guided by precision pathogen diagnosis strategies, are non-inferior to those of conventional two-stage revision surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on chronic kPJI patients who underwent precision pathogen detection and revision arthroplasty at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2016 and September 2022. Clinical characteristics, pathogen detection rates, targeted antibiotic therapy, reinfection rates, and functional outcomes were compared between patients who underwent one-stage and two-stage revision surgeries. Results Thirty patients who underwent one-stage revision surgery with pathogen detection through precision pathogen diagnosis strategies were included in this study and were matched with 30 patients who received two-stage revision surgery via propensity score matching (PSM). The baseline clinical characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups. Utilizing our optimized pathogen detection protocol, successful pathogen identification was achieved in all cases across both groups. The median duration of intravenous antibiotic administration in the one-stage revision cohort was 16.5 (8.5,23.0) days, followed by a 6-week course of sequential oral antibiotics. Both the one-stage and two-stage revision groups had 3 cases of reinfection each, with no statistically significant difference in success rates between the groups (P > 0.999). Furthermore, no significant differences were found in the range of motion (ROM) (P = 0.332) or Knee Society score (KSS) (P = 0.117) between the one-stage and two-stage revision groups at the 2-year postoperative follow-up. The Kaplan‒Meier survival curves for prosthesis infection-free survival nearly overlapped, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.675). Conclusion When pathogen identification is achieved through precision diagnostic strategies, the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery combined with targeted antibiotic therapy is comparable to that of two-stage revision surgery.https://doi.org/10.1186/s42836-025-00308-zChronic knee periprosthetic joint infectionPrecise pathogen diagnosisCombined pathogen diagnostic strategiesOne-stage revision
spellingShingle Zhengwei Xiao
Jinyuan Zeng
Zeyu Zhang
Baijian Wu
Zihao Hong
Yufeng Guo
Chengguo Huang
Zida Huang
Zhaoyang Wu
Wenming Zhang
Xinyu Fang
Wenbo Li
Comparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
Arthroplasty
Chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
Precise pathogen diagnosis
Combined pathogen diagnostic strategies
One-stage revision
title Comparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
title_full Comparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
title_fullStr Comparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
title_short Comparison of the efficacy of one-stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
title_sort comparison of the efficacy of one stage revision surgery guided by precise pathogen diagnosis and conventional two stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
topic Chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection
Precise pathogen diagnosis
Combined pathogen diagnostic strategies
One-stage revision
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s42836-025-00308-z
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