Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory Study

<b>Background and Objectives:</b> The disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier leads to increased intestinal permeability (IP), allowing endotoxins and pathogens to enter the bloodstream contributing to chronic inflammation. Western diets are associated with increased IP, while di...

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Main Authors: Natasha Haskey, Maximillian Eisele, Andreina Bruno, Raylene A. Reimer, Munazza Yousuf, Lorian M. Taylor, Remo Panaccione, Subrata Ghosh, Maitreyi Raman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Diagnostics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/23/2629
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author Natasha Haskey
Maximillian Eisele
Andreina Bruno
Raylene A. Reimer
Munazza Yousuf
Lorian M. Taylor
Remo Panaccione
Subrata Ghosh
Maitreyi Raman
author_facet Natasha Haskey
Maximillian Eisele
Andreina Bruno
Raylene A. Reimer
Munazza Yousuf
Lorian M. Taylor
Remo Panaccione
Subrata Ghosh
Maitreyi Raman
author_sort Natasha Haskey
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background and Objectives:</b> The disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier leads to increased intestinal permeability (IP), allowing endotoxins and pathogens to enter the bloodstream contributing to chronic inflammation. Western diets are associated with increased IP, while diets rich in polyphenols, fiber, and omega-3 fats are linked to decreased IP. The relationship between diet, disease activity, and IP in ulcerative colitis (UC) is poorly understood. We evaluated the effects of serum zonulin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and their relationship to dietary factors in UC. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 37 UC participants who had baseline measures of dietary intake, disease activity and serum. Serum LBP and zonulin levels were measured by ELISA. Spearman’s rank correlations explored relationships between baseline IP, diet, and disease activity. <b>Results:</b> The median age was 35 years (29–47 years), 54% were male, and 76% were in clinical remission or had mild disease activity (partial Mayo score ≤ 4). LBP was significantly correlated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with disease activity (partial Mayo score (r = 0.31), and positively correlated with total fat (r = 0.42) and refined grains (r = 0.35), but negatively correlated with fruit consumption (r = −0.50) and diet quality (r = −0.33). Zonulin was negatively correlated with protein (r = −0.39), niacin (r = −0.52) and vitamin B12 (r = −0.45) with a trend for significance (<i>p</i> = 0.06) with body mass index (r = 0.32). <b>Conclusions:</b> Baseline LBP levels were correlated with disease activity markers and dietary factors, suggesting that it could be a useful biomarker for assessing disease activity and diet quality in UC. Further trials are needed to confirm these findings.
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spelling doaj-art-730cb6bbbbf1446ebc0a13ba9a9f1d5b2025-08-20T02:50:13ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182024-11-011423262910.3390/diagnostics14232629Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory StudyNatasha Haskey0Maximillian Eisele1Andreina Bruno2Raylene A. Reimer3Munazza Yousuf4Lorian M. Taylor5Remo Panaccione6Subrata Ghosh7Maitreyi Raman8Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CanadaInstitute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, ItalyFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, CanadaAPC Microbiome Ireland, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, IrelandDepartment of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada<b>Background and Objectives:</b> The disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier leads to increased intestinal permeability (IP), allowing endotoxins and pathogens to enter the bloodstream contributing to chronic inflammation. Western diets are associated with increased IP, while diets rich in polyphenols, fiber, and omega-3 fats are linked to decreased IP. The relationship between diet, disease activity, and IP in ulcerative colitis (UC) is poorly understood. We evaluated the effects of serum zonulin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and their relationship to dietary factors in UC. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 37 UC participants who had baseline measures of dietary intake, disease activity and serum. Serum LBP and zonulin levels were measured by ELISA. Spearman’s rank correlations explored relationships between baseline IP, diet, and disease activity. <b>Results:</b> The median age was 35 years (29–47 years), 54% were male, and 76% were in clinical remission or had mild disease activity (partial Mayo score ≤ 4). LBP was significantly correlated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with disease activity (partial Mayo score (r = 0.31), and positively correlated with total fat (r = 0.42) and refined grains (r = 0.35), but negatively correlated with fruit consumption (r = −0.50) and diet quality (r = −0.33). Zonulin was negatively correlated with protein (r = −0.39), niacin (r = −0.52) and vitamin B12 (r = −0.45) with a trend for significance (<i>p</i> = 0.06) with body mass index (r = 0.32). <b>Conclusions:</b> Baseline LBP levels were correlated with disease activity markers and dietary factors, suggesting that it could be a useful biomarker for assessing disease activity and diet quality in UC. Further trials are needed to confirm these findings.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/23/2629ulcerative colitisintestinal permeabilitydiet
spellingShingle Natasha Haskey
Maximillian Eisele
Andreina Bruno
Raylene A. Reimer
Munazza Yousuf
Lorian M. Taylor
Remo Panaccione
Subrata Ghosh
Maitreyi Raman
Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory Study
Diagnostics
ulcerative colitis
intestinal permeability
diet
title Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory Study
title_full Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory Study
title_fullStr Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory Study
title_full_unstemmed Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory Study
title_short Biomarkers of Intestinal Permeability Are Influenced by Diet in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis—An Exploratory Study
title_sort biomarkers of intestinal permeability are influenced by diet in patients with ulcerative colitis an exploratory study
topic ulcerative colitis
intestinal permeability
diet
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/23/2629
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