Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies

Background. Mutual regulation between immune system and gut microbiota is achieved through several mechanisms including the engagement of toll-like receptors (TLRs) which is expressed on numerous cell types. In this study we aimed to explore the association between food allergies and TLR gene...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mehmet Kılıç, Elif Beyazıt, Ebru Etem Önalan, Tuğçe Kaymaz, Erdal Taşkın
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health 2023-10-01
Series:The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/86
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850181895295336448
author Mehmet Kılıç
Elif Beyazıt
Ebru Etem Önalan
Tuğçe Kaymaz
Erdal Taşkın
author_facet Mehmet Kılıç
Elif Beyazıt
Ebru Etem Önalan
Tuğçe Kaymaz
Erdal Taşkın
author_sort Mehmet Kılıç
collection DOAJ
description Background. Mutual regulation between immune system and gut microbiota is achieved through several mechanisms including the engagement of toll-like receptors (TLRs) which is expressed on numerous cell types. In this study we aimed to explore the association between food allergies and TLR gene polymorphisms in association with gut microbiota. Methods. Toll-like receptors polymorphism frequencies and some bacteria in the gut microbiota in 130 infants aged 1-24 months with egg and/or milk allergy in a prospective cohort were compared with 110 non-food allergic controls. Four candidate polymorphisms (TLR2 rs1898830/rs5743708 and TLR4 rs4986790/rs4986791) were genotyped by allelic discrimination polymerase chain rection (PCR) method. Gut microbiota analysis was achieved by using high-throughput sequencing. Results. The TLR4 rs4986790 (Asp299Gly) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) major/minor allele frequency was 0.788/0.212 in food allergy patients and 0.719/0.280 in controls (p=0.017). There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of genotype frequencies (AA, AG, GG). Gut microbiota analysis revealed increased Firmicutes phylum in stool of the patients with food allergy. Except for TLR4 rs4986791 (Thr399lle) allele, the other TLR polymorphisms were not associated with food allergies in children. When the bacteria in the intestinal microbiota and TLR2 and TLR4 gene polymorphisms were compared; we determined a statistically significant increase in Bifidobacterium concentration in the intestinal microbiota in TLR4 rs4986791 CT heterozygous genotype (p=0.004). Conclusions. This study demonstrated a partial role of TLR4 gene polymorphism and gut microbiota in the development of food allergies. Future work in this area will be required to clarify the roles of different microbial strains that modulate gut microbiota composition and function in conjunction with TLR transcription pathways.
format Article
id doaj-art-72ff4482fbef41d7a3d52a5babc52c26
institution OA Journals
issn 0041-4301
2791-6421
language English
publishDate 2023-10-01
publisher Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health
record_format Article
series The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
spelling doaj-art-72ff4482fbef41d7a3d52a5babc52c262025-08-20T02:17:47ZengHacettepe University Institute of Child HealthThe Turkish Journal of Pediatrics0041-43012791-64212023-10-0165510.24953/turkjped.2023.389Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergiesMehmet Kılıç0Elif Beyazıt1Ebru Etem Önalan2Tuğçe Kaymaz3Erdal Taşkın4Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazığ.Department of Pediatrics, Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazığ.Department of Medical Biology, Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazığ.Department of Medical Biology, Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazığ.Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Elazığ, Türkiye. Background. Mutual regulation between immune system and gut microbiota is achieved through several mechanisms including the engagement of toll-like receptors (TLRs) which is expressed on numerous cell types. In this study we aimed to explore the association between food allergies and TLR gene polymorphisms in association with gut microbiota. Methods. Toll-like receptors polymorphism frequencies and some bacteria in the gut microbiota in 130 infants aged 1-24 months with egg and/or milk allergy in a prospective cohort were compared with 110 non-food allergic controls. Four candidate polymorphisms (TLR2 rs1898830/rs5743708 and TLR4 rs4986790/rs4986791) were genotyped by allelic discrimination polymerase chain rection (PCR) method. Gut microbiota analysis was achieved by using high-throughput sequencing. Results. The TLR4 rs4986790 (Asp299Gly) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) major/minor allele frequency was 0.788/0.212 in food allergy patients and 0.719/0.280 in controls (p=0.017). There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of genotype frequencies (AA, AG, GG). Gut microbiota analysis revealed increased Firmicutes phylum in stool of the patients with food allergy. Except for TLR4 rs4986791 (Thr399lle) allele, the other TLR polymorphisms were not associated with food allergies in children. When the bacteria in the intestinal microbiota and TLR2 and TLR4 gene polymorphisms were compared; we determined a statistically significant increase in Bifidobacterium concentration in the intestinal microbiota in TLR4 rs4986791 CT heterozygous genotype (p=0.004). Conclusions. This study demonstrated a partial role of TLR4 gene polymorphism and gut microbiota in the development of food allergies. Future work in this area will be required to clarify the roles of different microbial strains that modulate gut microbiota composition and function in conjunction with TLR transcription pathways. https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/86Toll-like receptor 2Toll-like receptor 4childrenfood allergygenetic polymorphismgut microbiota
spellingShingle Mehmet Kılıç
Elif Beyazıt
Ebru Etem Önalan
Tuğçe Kaymaz
Erdal Taşkın
Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
Toll-like receptor 2
Toll-like receptor 4
children
food allergy
genetic polymorphism
gut microbiota
title Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies
title_full Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies
title_fullStr Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies
title_short Evaluation of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies
title_sort evaluation of toll like receptors 2 and 4 polymorphism and intestinal microbiota in children with food allergies
topic Toll-like receptor 2
Toll-like receptor 4
children
food allergy
genetic polymorphism
gut microbiota
url https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/86
work_keys_str_mv AT mehmetkılıc evaluationoftolllikereceptors2and4polymorphismandintestinalmicrobiotainchildrenwithfoodallergies
AT elifbeyazıt evaluationoftolllikereceptors2and4polymorphismandintestinalmicrobiotainchildrenwithfoodallergies
AT ebruetemonalan evaluationoftolllikereceptors2and4polymorphismandintestinalmicrobiotainchildrenwithfoodallergies
AT tugcekaymaz evaluationoftolllikereceptors2and4polymorphismandintestinalmicrobiotainchildrenwithfoodallergies
AT erdaltaskın evaluationoftolllikereceptors2and4polymorphismandintestinalmicrobiotainchildrenwithfoodallergies