Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity

Abstract Background Insufficient evidence exists regarding the relationship between diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) and metabolic health status in adolescents. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between DRRD and metabolic health status in Iranian adolescents with overweight/...

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Main Authors: Ani Grigorian, Zahra Moradmand, Saeideh Mirzaei, Ali Asadi, Masoumeh Akhlaghi, Parvane Saneei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:Nutrition Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01111-x
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author Ani Grigorian
Zahra Moradmand
Saeideh Mirzaei
Ali Asadi
Masoumeh Akhlaghi
Parvane Saneei
author_facet Ani Grigorian
Zahra Moradmand
Saeideh Mirzaei
Ali Asadi
Masoumeh Akhlaghi
Parvane Saneei
author_sort Ani Grigorian
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Insufficient evidence exists regarding the relationship between diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) and metabolic health status in adolescents. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between DRRD and metabolic health status in Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 203 overweight/obese adolescents. Dietary intakes were evaluated using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. The following parameters were measured: blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles. Participants were classified to metabolically healthy overweight/obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUO), based on 2 methods: International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and a combination of IDF and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Results Based on IDF criteria, highest vs. lowest adherence to DRRD was associated with a lower odds of having an MUO phenotype in both crude (OR = 0.05; 95%CI: 0.02–0.12) and fully adjusted model (OR = 0.06; 95%CI: 0.02–0.20). Based on IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, similar findings were obtained. This relationship was significant in both genders and was especially significant among adolescents with obesity. In both crude and fully adjusted model, adherence to DRRD was significantly lower the likelihood of having high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR. Conclusion Adolescents who adhered more strictly to DRRD were less likely to be MUO, and have high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR. Additional large-scale prospective studies are necessary to affirm these results.
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spelling doaj-art-72d06b2e1bfc4b9fa985cc9c19add8212025-08-20T02:56:20ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912025-03-0124111010.1186/s12937-025-01111-xAdherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesityAni Grigorian0Zahra Moradmand1Saeideh Mirzaei2Ali Asadi3Masoumeh Akhlaghi4Parvane Saneei5Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesStudents’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of TehranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Insufficient evidence exists regarding the relationship between diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) and metabolic health status in adolescents. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between DRRD and metabolic health status in Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 203 overweight/obese adolescents. Dietary intakes were evaluated using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. The following parameters were measured: blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles. Participants were classified to metabolically healthy overweight/obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUO), based on 2 methods: International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and a combination of IDF and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Results Based on IDF criteria, highest vs. lowest adherence to DRRD was associated with a lower odds of having an MUO phenotype in both crude (OR = 0.05; 95%CI: 0.02–0.12) and fully adjusted model (OR = 0.06; 95%CI: 0.02–0.20). Based on IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, similar findings were obtained. This relationship was significant in both genders and was especially significant among adolescents with obesity. In both crude and fully adjusted model, adherence to DRRD was significantly lower the likelihood of having high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR. Conclusion Adolescents who adhered more strictly to DRRD were less likely to be MUO, and have high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR. Additional large-scale prospective studies are necessary to affirm these results.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01111-xDiabetes risk reduction dietMetabolic health statusObesityOverweightAdolescents
spellingShingle Ani Grigorian
Zahra Moradmand
Saeideh Mirzaei
Ali Asadi
Masoumeh Akhlaghi
Parvane Saneei
Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity
Nutrition Journal
Diabetes risk reduction diet
Metabolic health status
Obesity
Overweight
Adolescents
title Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity
title_full Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity
title_fullStr Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity
title_full_unstemmed Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity
title_short Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity
title_sort adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity
topic Diabetes risk reduction diet
Metabolic health status
Obesity
Overweight
Adolescents
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01111-x
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