Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing of <i>Pinus massoniana</i> Under Simulated <i>Monochamus alternatus</i> Feeding Highlights bHLH Transcription Factor Involved in Defense Response

Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing of <i>Pinus massoniana</i> Under Simulated <i>Monochamus alternatus</i> Feeding Highlights bHLH Transcription Factor Involved in Defense Response

Background: <i>Pinus massoniana</i> is a significant lipid-producing tree species in China and a susceptible host for both the pine wood nematode and its insect vector, <i>Monochamus alternatus</i>. The basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors play a cruc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Quanmin Wen, Yajie Cui, Tian Xu, Yadi Deng, Dejun Hao, Ruixu Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
<i>Pinus massoniana</i>
<i>Monochamus alternatus</i>
transcription factor
transcriptome sequence
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/2038
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Summary:Background: <i>Pinus massoniana</i> is a significant lipid-producing tree species in China and a susceptible host for both the pine wood nematode and its insect vector, <i>Monochamus alternatus</i>. The basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors play a crucial role in responding to both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the role of bHLH in terpene-induced defense in <i>P. massoniana</i> remains poorly studied. Results: Transcriptome sequencing using DNA Nanoball Sequencing (DNBSEQ) and PacBio Sequel platforms was performed, revealing differences in gene expression in <i>P</i>. <i>massoniana</i> branch under the simulated feeding treatment of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) spraying. Fifteen <i>bHLH</i> genes were cloned and analyzed, among which eight highly upregulated <i>PmbHLH</i> genes showed similar temporal expression after MeJA treatment and <i>M</i>. <i>alternatus</i> adult feeding. Five highly upregulated <i>bHLH</i> genes with nuclear localization were highly expressed in <i>P. massoniana</i> after <i>M. alternatus</i> feeding and interacted with the promoter of the terpene synthase gene <i>Pm TPS (−)-α-pinene</i>, confirming their involvement in the defense response of <i>P. massoniana</i> against the <i>M. alternatus</i> adult feeding. Conclusions: Our results unveil the temporal changes and the regulation of the induced defense system in <i>P. massoniana</i> mediated by both MeJA signaling and <i>M. alternatus</i> feeding treatment. The potential application for transgenic experiments and the breeding of resistant species in the future were discussed.
ISSN:2223-7747

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