Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading Conditions
Multi-floored grain warehouses are widely used in China due to their efficient space utilization and high storage capacity. This study evaluates the seismic performance of such structures using a Composite Structure of Steel and Concrete (CSSC) system under various grain-loading conditions. A finite...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| author | Zidan Li Yonggang Ding Jinquan Zhao Chengzhou Guo Zhenhua Xu Guoqi Ren Qikeng Xu Qingjun Xian Rongyu Yang |
| author_facet | Zidan Li Yonggang Ding Jinquan Zhao Chengzhou Guo Zhenhua Xu Guoqi Ren Qikeng Xu Qingjun Xian Rongyu Yang |
| author_sort | Zidan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multi-floored grain warehouses are widely used in China due to their efficient space utilization and high storage capacity. This study evaluates the seismic performance of such structures using a Composite Structure of Steel and Concrete (CSSC) system under various grain-loading conditions. A finite element model was developed in OpenSees based on actual loading scenarios, with both pushover and time history analyses conducted. Results show that the EEF condition (E = Empty, F = Full; top–middle–bottom = Empty–Empty–Full) leads to a 35.14% increase in peak base shear compared to the FEE condition (grain on the top floor only). Capacity spectrum analysis indicates that EEF provides higher initial stiffness and lower displacement across all performance points. Time history results reveal that configurations with lighter upper mass (EFF, EEE) are more prone to top-floor acceleration amplification, while FFF and FFE demonstrate more stable responses due to balanced mass distribution. The maximum inter-story drift consistently occurs at the second floor, with FFF and FFE showing the most significant deformation. All drift ratios meet code limits, confirming the safety and applicability of the CSSC system under various storage scenarios. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-724525470769486bb27c4fefbea63acc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-724525470769486bb27c4fefbea63acc2025-08-20T03:11:18ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-05-011511597010.3390/app15115970Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading ConditionsZidan Li0Yonggang Ding1Jinquan Zhao2Chengzhou Guo3Zhenhua Xu4Guoqi Ren5Qikeng Xu6Qingjun Xian7Rongyu Yang8Henan Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Storage Facility & Safety, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Storage Facility & Safety, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Storage Facility & Safety, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaHenan University of Technology Design and Research Academy Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Storage Facility & Safety, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaMulti-floored grain warehouses are widely used in China due to their efficient space utilization and high storage capacity. This study evaluates the seismic performance of such structures using a Composite Structure of Steel and Concrete (CSSC) system under various grain-loading conditions. A finite element model was developed in OpenSees based on actual loading scenarios, with both pushover and time history analyses conducted. Results show that the EEF condition (E = Empty, F = Full; top–middle–bottom = Empty–Empty–Full) leads to a 35.14% increase in peak base shear compared to the FEE condition (grain on the top floor only). Capacity spectrum analysis indicates that EEF provides higher initial stiffness and lower displacement across all performance points. Time history results reveal that configurations with lighter upper mass (EFF, EEE) are more prone to top-floor acceleration amplification, while FFF and FFE demonstrate more stable responses due to balanced mass distribution. The maximum inter-story drift consistently occurs at the second floor, with FFF and FFE showing the most significant deformation. All drift ratios meet code limits, confirming the safety and applicability of the CSSC system under various storage scenarios.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/5970multi-floored grain warehousepushover analysisdynamic analysisseismic performance |
| spellingShingle | Zidan Li Yonggang Ding Jinquan Zhao Chengzhou Guo Zhenhua Xu Guoqi Ren Qikeng Xu Qingjun Xian Rongyu Yang Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading Conditions Applied Sciences multi-floored grain warehouse pushover analysis dynamic analysis seismic performance |
| title | Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading Conditions |
| title_full | Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading Conditions |
| title_short | Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Floored Grain Warehouses with Composite Structures Under Varying Grain-Loading Conditions |
| title_sort | seismic response analysis of multi floored grain warehouses with composite structures under varying grain loading conditions |
| topic | multi-floored grain warehouse pushover analysis dynamic analysis seismic performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/11/5970 |
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