Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engine
The oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emitted from diesel engines are perilous pollutants, contributing to environmental and health hazards. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) using urea is a proven technology for reducing NOx emissions, while air preheating has been utilized to enhance NOx reduction effici...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025007790 |
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| author | Mohammad Shahed H.K. Tushar Musa Ibne Mannan Afra Azmain |
| author_facet | Mohammad Shahed H.K. Tushar Musa Ibne Mannan Afra Azmain |
| author_sort | Mohammad Shahed H.K. Tushar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emitted from diesel engines are perilous pollutants, contributing to environmental and health hazards. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) using urea is a proven technology for reducing NOx emissions, while air preheating has been utilized to enhance NOx reduction efficiency. From the studies, a sole focus on urea-SCR with air preheating remains noticeably unexplored. This study presents an integrated approach using urea-SCR and air preheating in a four-stroke, single-cylinder, water-cooled diesel engine for a comparative study in decreasing NOx emissions. The experimental setup involved a mechanical urea injection system, a platinum-rhodium catalyst, and an air-preheating mechanism utilizing exhaust gas heat. Tests were conducted at varying engine speeds and loads to evaluate the combined system's performance. Results indicate that the combined air preheating and urea-SCR system achieved a NOx reduction of up to 55 % under low engine load conditions, with a corresponding CO emission reduction of 19 % for preheated set-up. The system enhanced brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and reduced brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to baseline configurations, with no significant backpressure observed. A significant noise level reduction (21–27 %) was also achieved, highlighting the dual benefits of emissions and noise control. The findings demonstrate that combining urea-SCR with air preheating is an effective strategy for reducing NOx emissions while maintaining or improving engine performance. This approach offers a promising pathway for enhancing diesel engine emission control systems. Further studies are recommended to explore the scalability of this method for larger engines and to assess long-term system stability. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-722d6a27b8a7465fa70e1a8e725d70c5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-722d6a27b8a7465fa70e1a8e725d70c52025-02-05T04:32:20ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-02-01113e42399Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engineMohammad Shahed H.K. Tushar0Musa Ibne Mannan1Afra Azmain2Corresponding author.; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, BangladeshDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, BangladeshDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, BangladeshThe oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emitted from diesel engines are perilous pollutants, contributing to environmental and health hazards. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) using urea is a proven technology for reducing NOx emissions, while air preheating has been utilized to enhance NOx reduction efficiency. From the studies, a sole focus on urea-SCR with air preheating remains noticeably unexplored. This study presents an integrated approach using urea-SCR and air preheating in a four-stroke, single-cylinder, water-cooled diesel engine for a comparative study in decreasing NOx emissions. The experimental setup involved a mechanical urea injection system, a platinum-rhodium catalyst, and an air-preheating mechanism utilizing exhaust gas heat. Tests were conducted at varying engine speeds and loads to evaluate the combined system's performance. Results indicate that the combined air preheating and urea-SCR system achieved a NOx reduction of up to 55 % under low engine load conditions, with a corresponding CO emission reduction of 19 % for preheated set-up. The system enhanced brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and reduced brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to baseline configurations, with no significant backpressure observed. A significant noise level reduction (21–27 %) was also achieved, highlighting the dual benefits of emissions and noise control. The findings demonstrate that combining urea-SCR with air preheating is an effective strategy for reducing NOx emissions while maintaining or improving engine performance. This approach offers a promising pathway for enhancing diesel engine emission control systems. Further studies are recommended to explore the scalability of this method for larger engines and to assess long-term system stability.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025007790Diesel engineNOx emissionAir preheatingSelective catalytic reduction (SCR)Urea-SCR |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Shahed H.K. Tushar Musa Ibne Mannan Afra Azmain Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engine Heliyon Diesel engine NOx emission Air preheating Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) Urea-SCR |
| title | Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engine |
| title_full | Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engine |
| title_fullStr | Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engine |
| title_short | Exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce NOx in diesel engine |
| title_sort | exhaust gas after treatment using air preheating and selective catalytic reduction by urea to reduce nox in diesel engine |
| topic | Diesel engine NOx emission Air preheating Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) Urea-SCR |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025007790 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadshahedhktushar exhaustgasaftertreatmentusingairpreheatingandselectivecatalyticreductionbyureatoreducenoxindieselengine AT musaibnemannan exhaustgasaftertreatmentusingairpreheatingandselectivecatalyticreductionbyureatoreducenoxindieselengine AT afraazmain exhaustgasaftertreatmentusingairpreheatingandselectivecatalyticreductionbyureatoreducenoxindieselengine |