Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Objective: To determine the frequency of depression in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2020 to March 2021 on a total sample size of n=100 patients (age 49.84 ± 0.91 years) using a simple random sampling technique, visitin...
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Rawalpindi Medical University
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College |
| Online Access: | https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/2039 |
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| author | Anam Fatima Faridullah Shah Hareema Saeed Khan Kashif Rauf Safdar Ali Shahid Ali Khan |
| author_facet | Anam Fatima Faridullah Shah Hareema Saeed Khan Kashif Rauf Safdar Ali Shahid Ali Khan |
| author_sort | Anam Fatima |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Objective: To determine the frequency of depression in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2020 to March 2021 on a total sample size of n=100 patients (age 49.84 ± 0.91 years) using a simple random sampling technique, visiting the medical department of the federal government polyclinic hospital, in Islamabad. Patients presenting with macrocytic anaemia secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency were included while the patients with previously diagnosed depression were excluded from the study. Serum vitamin B12 levels were measured through the ELISA technique. Patient Healthcare Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was designed and presented to patients with vitamin B12 deficiency for depression assessment. Patients with PHQ-9 score ≤5 were rated as having no depression and the patients with score ≥5 were rated as having depression. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism and the correlation coefficient was measured through non-linear fit and linear regression curves while ordinary ANOVA (non-parametric) was applied for study variables.
Results: The average level of vitamin B12 in the serum and PHQ-9 score were recorded as 158 ± 4.94 (pg/uL) and 5.85 ± 0.30, respectively. Vitamin B12 levels and PHQ-9 score depicted an inverse correlation, however, no association was found between gender and PHQ-9 score.
Conclusion: Data depicted that the patients presenting low levels of vitamin B12 in their serum have shown corresponding high PHQ-9 scores which is an indicator of depression. However, depression prevails in all age groups without any discrimination of gender.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-72297dac8b1e4d858692ec8e23914c14 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1683-3562 1683-3570 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Rawalpindi Medical University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College |
| spelling | doaj-art-72297dac8b1e4d858692ec8e23914c142025-02-06T08:41:53ZengRawalpindi Medical UniversityJournal of Rawalpindi Medical College1683-35621683-35702023-06-0127210.37939/jrmc.v27i2.2039Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 DeficiencyAnam FatimaFaridullah ShahHareema Saeed KhanKashif RaufSafdar AliShahid Ali Khan Objective: To determine the frequency of depression in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2020 to March 2021 on a total sample size of n=100 patients (age 49.84 ± 0.91 years) using a simple random sampling technique, visiting the medical department of the federal government polyclinic hospital, in Islamabad. Patients presenting with macrocytic anaemia secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency were included while the patients with previously diagnosed depression were excluded from the study. Serum vitamin B12 levels were measured through the ELISA technique. Patient Healthcare Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was designed and presented to patients with vitamin B12 deficiency for depression assessment. Patients with PHQ-9 score ≤5 were rated as having no depression and the patients with score ≥5 were rated as having depression. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism and the correlation coefficient was measured through non-linear fit and linear regression curves while ordinary ANOVA (non-parametric) was applied for study variables. Results: The average level of vitamin B12 in the serum and PHQ-9 score were recorded as 158 ± 4.94 (pg/uL) and 5.85 ± 0.30, respectively. Vitamin B12 levels and PHQ-9 score depicted an inverse correlation, however, no association was found between gender and PHQ-9 score. Conclusion: Data depicted that the patients presenting low levels of vitamin B12 in their serum have shown corresponding high PHQ-9 scores which is an indicator of depression. However, depression prevails in all age groups without any discrimination of gender. https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/2039 |
| spellingShingle | Anam Fatima Faridullah Shah Hareema Saeed Khan Kashif Rauf Safdar Ali Shahid Ali Khan Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College |
| title | Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency |
| title_full | Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency |
| title_fullStr | Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency |
| title_short | Frequency Of Depression In Patients With Vitamin B12 Deficiency |
| title_sort | frequency of depression in patients with vitamin b12 deficiency |
| url | https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/2039 |
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