Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia

The leaves of the H. aculeatus plant are known as a traditional antimalarial medicinal plant in Maluku. Several studies have reported on the leaf activity of this plant, but studies on in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and the compounds in the active fraction (F7) of H.aculeatus leaf hav...

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Main Authors: Rachel Turalely, Mustofa, Triana Hertiani, Mahardika Agus Wijayanti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Bogor Agricultural University 2025-03-01
Series:Hayati Journal of Biosciences
Online Access:https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/hayati/article/view/61462
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author Rachel Turalely
Mustofa
Triana Hertiani
Mahardika Agus Wijayanti
author_facet Rachel Turalely
Mustofa
Triana Hertiani
Mahardika Agus Wijayanti
author_sort Rachel Turalely
collection DOAJ
description The leaves of the H. aculeatus plant are known as a traditional antimalarial medicinal plant in Maluku. Several studies have reported on the leaf activity of this plant, but studies on in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and the compounds in the active fraction (F7) of H.aculeatus leaf have not been reported. This study aims to determine the antiplasmodial activity of the F7 of H. aculeatus leaves and to analyze the compounds contained therein. In vitro, antiplasmodial activity was tested on Plasmodium falciparum strain FCR3 using a microscopic method. A cytotoxicity test was performed on Vero cells using an MTT assay. In vivo, the antiplasmodial activity of F7 was carried out using the 4-day suppressive test method by treating Swiss mice infected with P. berghei. Analysis of the compounds in an F7 was done using spray reagent and UV Vis DAD and HPLC DAD-MS with a UV detector. The results showed that the F7 was very active in vitro (IC50 of 0.7 µg.ml-1) and in vivo (ED50 of 2.49 mg.kg BW-1.d-1) also selectively (SI of 8159.94) inhibited the growth of Plasmodium. The F7 contains a group of essential oils, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids after being analyzed using spray reagents. Based on the analysis results, five compounds were identified: fomoxanthone, cyclopentene, microspherone, indole 3-carbaldehyde, and naamine. In addition, seven compounds were not identified.
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publishDate 2025-03-01
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spelling doaj-art-720e6166017f41cfb78fe1bd02e428df2025-08-20T02:26:40ZengBogor Agricultural UniversityHayati Journal of Biosciences1978-30192086-40942025-03-0132410.4308/hjb.32.4.879-895Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, IndonesiaRachel Turalely0Mustofa1Triana Hertiani2Mahardika Agus Wijayanti3Doctoral Program of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Chemistry Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Science, Pattimura University, Ambon, IndonesiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine-Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine-Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia The leaves of the H. aculeatus plant are known as a traditional antimalarial medicinal plant in Maluku. Several studies have reported on the leaf activity of this plant, but studies on in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and the compounds in the active fraction (F7) of H.aculeatus leaf have not been reported. This study aims to determine the antiplasmodial activity of the F7 of H. aculeatus leaves and to analyze the compounds contained therein. In vitro, antiplasmodial activity was tested on Plasmodium falciparum strain FCR3 using a microscopic method. A cytotoxicity test was performed on Vero cells using an MTT assay. In vivo, the antiplasmodial activity of F7 was carried out using the 4-day suppressive test method by treating Swiss mice infected with P. berghei. Analysis of the compounds in an F7 was done using spray reagent and UV Vis DAD and HPLC DAD-MS with a UV detector. The results showed that the F7 was very active in vitro (IC50 of 0.7 µg.ml-1) and in vivo (ED50 of 2.49 mg.kg BW-1.d-1) also selectively (SI of 8159.94) inhibited the growth of Plasmodium. The F7 contains a group of essential oils, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids after being analyzed using spray reagents. Based on the analysis results, five compounds were identified: fomoxanthone, cyclopentene, microspherone, indole 3-carbaldehyde, and naamine. In addition, seven compounds were not identified. https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/hayati/article/view/61462
spellingShingle Rachel Turalely
Mustofa
Triana Hertiani
Mahardika Agus Wijayanti
Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia
Hayati Journal of Biosciences
title Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia
title_full Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia
title_fullStr Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia
title_full_unstemmed Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia
title_short Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia
title_sort antiplasmodial activity cytotoxicity and active compounds analysis of active fraction of harmsiopanax aculeatus leaves from maluku indonesia
url https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/hayati/article/view/61462
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