Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus

Abstract The nine‐banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is considered by many to be one of the greatest nuisance wildlife species in the Southeastern United States. Management is difficult because no repellents, toxicants, or fumigants are currently registered for this species; exclusion is labori...

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Main Authors: Holly K. Ober, Lucas W. Degroote, Colleen M. Mcdonough, Russell F. Mizell III, Richard W. Mankin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2011-12-01
Series:Wildlife Society Bulletin
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.79
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author Holly K. Ober
Lucas W. Degroote
Colleen M. Mcdonough
Russell F. Mizell III
Richard W. Mankin
author_facet Holly K. Ober
Lucas W. Degroote
Colleen M. Mcdonough
Russell F. Mizell III
Richard W. Mankin
author_sort Holly K. Ober
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The nine‐banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is considered by many to be one of the greatest nuisance wildlife species in the Southeastern United States. Management is difficult because no repellents, toxicants, or fumigants are currently registered for this species; exclusion is laborious because armadillos are adept burrowers; and no effective trapping attractants have been identified. If a suitable lure were discovered, trap capture success could increase and the frequency of nuisance complaints could decrease. We compared the behavioral attractiveness to captive armadillos of 15 commercially available food materials, as well as scents collected from conspecifics, in Florida, USA, 2008–2009. According to 3 distinct behavioral measures, 4 materials consistently elicited the most attraction responses from armadillos: pond worms (Lumbricus terrestris), crickets (Acheta domesticus), red worms (Eisenia fetida), and wigglers (Pheretima hawayanus). Recognizing that all of these materials were live prey, we devised a second series of experiments to evaluate the relative importance of olfactory cues versus auditory–vibrational cues in evoking a response from armadillos. Results suggested auditory–vibrational cues were meaningful. Finally, we measured sound pressure and vibration levels produced by the most preferred and less preferred prey items. Sound and vibrational cues decreased rapidly below background noise levels within 10–30 cm from baits. Because of this, and because the perceptual range of armadillos to the olfactory cues from these baits appears limited, traps baited with any worm or cricket are unlikely to lure armadillos from great distances. Development of an effective baiting system will require further investigation into the possibility of enhancing the ability of stimuli to travel over long distances. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
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spelling doaj-art-7209be7ae18c4c76a7f8395f309aaa9a2025-08-20T02:36:15ZengWileyWildlife Society Bulletin2328-55402011-12-0135442142910.1002/wsb.79Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctusHolly K. Ober0Lucas W. Degroote1Colleen M. Mcdonough2Russell F. Mizell III3Richard W. Mankin4Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, NFREC‐Quincy, 155 Research Road, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USADepartment of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, NFREC‐Quincy, 155 Research Road, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USADepartment of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698, USADepartment of Entomology, NFREC‐Quincy, 155 Research Road, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture‐Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USAAbstract The nine‐banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is considered by many to be one of the greatest nuisance wildlife species in the Southeastern United States. Management is difficult because no repellents, toxicants, or fumigants are currently registered for this species; exclusion is laborious because armadillos are adept burrowers; and no effective trapping attractants have been identified. If a suitable lure were discovered, trap capture success could increase and the frequency of nuisance complaints could decrease. We compared the behavioral attractiveness to captive armadillos of 15 commercially available food materials, as well as scents collected from conspecifics, in Florida, USA, 2008–2009. According to 3 distinct behavioral measures, 4 materials consistently elicited the most attraction responses from armadillos: pond worms (Lumbricus terrestris), crickets (Acheta domesticus), red worms (Eisenia fetida), and wigglers (Pheretima hawayanus). Recognizing that all of these materials were live prey, we devised a second series of experiments to evaluate the relative importance of olfactory cues versus auditory–vibrational cues in evoking a response from armadillos. Results suggested auditory–vibrational cues were meaningful. Finally, we measured sound pressure and vibration levels produced by the most preferred and less preferred prey items. Sound and vibrational cues decreased rapidly below background noise levels within 10–30 cm from baits. Because of this, and because the perceptual range of armadillos to the olfactory cues from these baits appears limited, traps baited with any worm or cricket are unlikely to lure armadillos from great distances. Development of an effective baiting system will require further investigation into the possibility of enhancing the ability of stimuli to travel over long distances. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.79armadillosattractantsbaitscaptureDasypus novemcinctuslures
spellingShingle Holly K. Ober
Lucas W. Degroote
Colleen M. Mcdonough
Russell F. Mizell III
Richard W. Mankin
Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus
Wildlife Society Bulletin
armadillos
attractants
baits
capture
Dasypus novemcinctus
lures
title Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus
title_full Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus
title_fullStr Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus
title_full_unstemmed Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus
title_short Identification of an attractant for the nine‐banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus
title_sort identification of an attractant for the nine banded armadillo dasypus novemcinctus
topic armadillos
attractants
baits
capture
Dasypus novemcinctus
lures
url https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.79
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