Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia

ABSTRACT Background As society ages, identifying individuals at risk of sarcopenia becomes essential. Several plasma biomarkers are used to assess musculoskeletal status, but their results are inconsistent. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are investigated as disease biomarkers due to their role in tran...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ji Yeon Kim, Tae‐Hwan Gil, Hyo Gyeong Lee, Ji‐Won Shin, Dong‐Hyun Jang, Hyeon Soo Kim, Seung Shin Park, Sang Wan Kim, Chan Soo Shin, Sung Hye Kong, Ok Hee Jeon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13784
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849331393792835584
author Ji Yeon Kim
Tae‐Hwan Gil
Hyo Gyeong Lee
Ji‐Won Shin
Dong‐Hyun Jang
Hyeon Soo Kim
Seung Shin Park
Sang Wan Kim
Chan Soo Shin
Sung Hye Kong
Ok Hee Jeon
author_facet Ji Yeon Kim
Tae‐Hwan Gil
Hyo Gyeong Lee
Ji‐Won Shin
Dong‐Hyun Jang
Hyeon Soo Kim
Seung Shin Park
Sang Wan Kim
Chan Soo Shin
Sung Hye Kong
Ok Hee Jeon
author_sort Ji Yeon Kim
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Background As society ages, identifying individuals at risk of sarcopenia becomes essential. Several plasma biomarkers are used to assess musculoskeletal status, but their results are inconsistent. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are investigated as disease biomarkers due to their role in transporting molecules and influencing cellular processes. This study investigated the correlation of known sarcopenia biomarkers—adiponectin, myostatin, P3NP, CRP and TNF‐α—measured from plasma‐derived EVs with muscle mass, function and performance in an Osteoporosis Sarcopenia cohort at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Methods Muscle mass was evaluated by measuring appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) using dual X‐ray absorptiometry and calculated as ASM/height2. Hand grip strength was measured using a hydraulic hand dynamometer for muscle function and physical performance based on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), walking speed and the five‐time‐sit‐to‐stand test. Density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to isolate EVs from the plasma, followed by confirming the expression of sarcopenia biomarkers. Multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, and bone density, was performed. Results The mean age of participants was 74.3 ± 12.1 years (range, 52.0–96.0), with 88.2% being female. Plasma‐derived EV levels of myostatin and P3NP were significantly associated with walking speed (ꞵ = −0.309, p = 0.014) and SPPB (ꞵ = −0.276, p = 0.029), respectively. TNF‐α levels were strongly correlated with hand grip strength (ꞵ = −0.313, p = 0.013). Using receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis, cutoff values for three factors were determined, allowing participants to be categorized into high and low groups. Low myostatin group had a higher hand grip strength (19.63 kg vs. 17.14 kg, p = 0.027) and faster five‐time‐sit‐to‐stand test times (17.34 s vs. 23.72 s, p = 0.032). Low P3NP levels showed a stronger grip strength (19.87 kg vs. 16.81 kg, p = 0.008), better SPPB scores (9.10 vs. 8.03, p = 0.006) and five‐time‐sit‐to‐stand times (18.31 s vs. 21.87 s, p = 0.002). Low TNF‐α levels were linked to better walking speeds (0.82 m/s vs. 0.64 m/s, p = 0.009) and lower SARC‐F scores (1.73 vs. 3.26, p = 0.029). Conclusion Our research confirmed that EVs‐derived myostatin, P3NP and TNF‐α are strongly associated with muscle function and performance. Significant differences in these factors between high and low groups based on biomarker cutoffs emphasize their diagnostic relevance for sarcopenia. These findings offer a promising avenue for identifying effective markers in future research and clinical applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-71f0ea9045ac444a82efac7e2b467c61
institution Kabale University
issn 2190-5991
2190-6009
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
spelling doaj-art-71f0ea9045ac444a82efac7e2b467c612025-08-20T03:46:37ZengWileyJournal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle2190-59912190-60092025-04-01162n/an/a10.1002/jcsm.13784Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in SarcopeniaJi Yeon Kim0Tae‐Hwan Gil1Hyo Gyeong Lee2Ji‐Won Shin3Dong‐Hyun Jang4Hyeon Soo Kim5Seung Shin Park6Sang Wan Kim7Chan Soo Shin8Sung Hye Kong9Ok Hee Jeon10Department of Biomedical Sciences Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Boramae Hospital Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of KoreaABSTRACT Background As society ages, identifying individuals at risk of sarcopenia becomes essential. Several plasma biomarkers are used to assess musculoskeletal status, but their results are inconsistent. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are investigated as disease biomarkers due to their role in transporting molecules and influencing cellular processes. This study investigated the correlation of known sarcopenia biomarkers—adiponectin, myostatin, P3NP, CRP and TNF‐α—measured from plasma‐derived EVs with muscle mass, function and performance in an Osteoporosis Sarcopenia cohort at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Methods Muscle mass was evaluated by measuring appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) using dual X‐ray absorptiometry and calculated as ASM/height2. Hand grip strength was measured using a hydraulic hand dynamometer for muscle function and physical performance based on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), walking speed and the five‐time‐sit‐to‐stand test. Density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to isolate EVs from the plasma, followed by confirming the expression of sarcopenia biomarkers. Multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, and bone density, was performed. Results The mean age of participants was 74.3 ± 12.1 years (range, 52.0–96.0), with 88.2% being female. Plasma‐derived EV levels of myostatin and P3NP were significantly associated with walking speed (ꞵ = −0.309, p = 0.014) and SPPB (ꞵ = −0.276, p = 0.029), respectively. TNF‐α levels were strongly correlated with hand grip strength (ꞵ = −0.313, p = 0.013). Using receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis, cutoff values for three factors were determined, allowing participants to be categorized into high and low groups. Low myostatin group had a higher hand grip strength (19.63 kg vs. 17.14 kg, p = 0.027) and faster five‐time‐sit‐to‐stand test times (17.34 s vs. 23.72 s, p = 0.032). Low P3NP levels showed a stronger grip strength (19.87 kg vs. 16.81 kg, p = 0.008), better SPPB scores (9.10 vs. 8.03, p = 0.006) and five‐time‐sit‐to‐stand times (18.31 s vs. 21.87 s, p = 0.002). Low TNF‐α levels were linked to better walking speeds (0.82 m/s vs. 0.64 m/s, p = 0.009) and lower SARC‐F scores (1.73 vs. 3.26, p = 0.029). Conclusion Our research confirmed that EVs‐derived myostatin, P3NP and TNF‐α are strongly associated with muscle function and performance. Significant differences in these factors between high and low groups based on biomarker cutoffs emphasize their diagnostic relevance for sarcopenia. These findings offer a promising avenue for identifying effective markers in future research and clinical applications.https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13784ageingbiomarkersextracellular vesiclesarcopeniaskeletal muscle
spellingShingle Ji Yeon Kim
Tae‐Hwan Gil
Hyo Gyeong Lee
Ji‐Won Shin
Dong‐Hyun Jang
Hyeon Soo Kim
Seung Shin Park
Sang Wan Kim
Chan Soo Shin
Sung Hye Kong
Ok Hee Jeon
Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
ageing
biomarkers
extracellular vesicle
sarcopenia
skeletal muscle
title Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia
title_full Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia
title_fullStr Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia
title_full_unstemmed Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia
title_short Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers Linked to Lower Muscle Mass, Function and Physical Performance in Sarcopenia
title_sort plasma extracellular vesicles biomarkers linked to lower muscle mass function and physical performance in sarcopenia
topic ageing
biomarkers
extracellular vesicle
sarcopenia
skeletal muscle
url https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13784
work_keys_str_mv AT jiyeonkim plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT taehwangil plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT hyogyeonglee plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT jiwonshin plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT donghyunjang plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT hyeonsookim plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT seungshinpark plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT sangwankim plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT chansooshin plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT sunghyekong plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia
AT okheejeon plasmaextracellularvesiclesbiomarkerslinkedtolowermusclemassfunctionandphysicalperformanceinsarcopenia