An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens

Abstract Background Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) are the most common viral pathogens of feline respiratory disease and are highly prevalent in cats worldwide. Coinfection with these viruses is frequent in cats with feline respiratory disease complex (FRDC). It is difficu...

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Main Authors: Huanqin Zheng, Hong Yue, Baoyan Wang, Xin Yu, Yang Liu, Jiayu Yu, Jianlong Zhang, Kexue Han, Yinuo Han, Hanfeng Su, Hongwei Zhu, Xingxiao Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Veterinary Research
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04786-w
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author Huanqin Zheng
Hong Yue
Baoyan Wang
Xin Yu
Yang Liu
Jiayu Yu
Jianlong Zhang
Kexue Han
Yinuo Han
Hanfeng Su
Hongwei Zhu
Xingxiao Zhang
author_facet Huanqin Zheng
Hong Yue
Baoyan Wang
Xin Yu
Yang Liu
Jiayu Yu
Jianlong Zhang
Kexue Han
Yinuo Han
Hanfeng Su
Hongwei Zhu
Xingxiao Zhang
author_sort Huanqin Zheng
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) are the most common viral pathogens of feline respiratory disease and are highly prevalent in cats worldwide. Coinfection with these viruses is frequent in cats with feline respiratory disease complex (FRDC). It is difficult to isolate pure FHV-1 by conventional laboratory cell culture methods from specimens with FRDC, which brings great trouble to the epidemiological investigation of FHV-1. Methods FCV polyclonal antibodies were obtained by immunizing rabbits, and the coinfected specimens were neutralized with FCV polyclonal antibodies. Then, virus isolation was performed. After several rounds of neutralization, FHV-1 was finally obtained. Results The FCV polyclonal antibody was successfully obtained with neutralizing activities of 1:128, 1:537, and 1:91. After virus neutralization, the FHV-1 was successfully isolated from the coinfected cell culture suspension and confirmed by immunofluorescence and QRT-PCR. Conclusion In this study, all FHV-1 present in the coinfection samples were isolated, without any cross-contamination. This method is also theoretically suitable for the isolation and purification of other FCV coinfections or contaminating disease substances.
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institution Kabale University
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spelling doaj-art-71e422e23729424fac420dabfc1ef73a2025-08-20T03:53:13ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482025-05-012111710.1186/s12917-025-04786-wAn efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimensHuanqin Zheng0Hong Yue1Baoyan Wang2Xin Yu3Yang Liu4Jiayu Yu5Jianlong Zhang6Kexue Han7Yinuo Han8Hanfeng Su9Hongwei Zhu10Xingxiao Zhang11School of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversityJinan Baiming Biopharmaceutical Co., LtdJinan Baiming Biopharmaceutical Co., LtdJinan Baiming Biopharmaceutical Co., LtdSchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Ludong UniversityAbstract Background Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) are the most common viral pathogens of feline respiratory disease and are highly prevalent in cats worldwide. Coinfection with these viruses is frequent in cats with feline respiratory disease complex (FRDC). It is difficult to isolate pure FHV-1 by conventional laboratory cell culture methods from specimens with FRDC, which brings great trouble to the epidemiological investigation of FHV-1. Methods FCV polyclonal antibodies were obtained by immunizing rabbits, and the coinfected specimens were neutralized with FCV polyclonal antibodies. Then, virus isolation was performed. After several rounds of neutralization, FHV-1 was finally obtained. Results The FCV polyclonal antibody was successfully obtained with neutralizing activities of 1:128, 1:537, and 1:91. After virus neutralization, the FHV-1 was successfully isolated from the coinfected cell culture suspension and confirmed by immunofluorescence and QRT-PCR. Conclusion In this study, all FHV-1 present in the coinfection samples were isolated, without any cross-contamination. This method is also theoretically suitable for the isolation and purification of other FCV coinfections or contaminating disease substances.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04786-wCoinfectionFeline herpesvirus 1Feline calicivirusVirus isolation
spellingShingle Huanqin Zheng
Hong Yue
Baoyan Wang
Xin Yu
Yang Liu
Jiayu Yu
Jianlong Zhang
Kexue Han
Yinuo Han
Hanfeng Su
Hongwei Zhu
Xingxiao Zhang
An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens
BMC Veterinary Research
Coinfection
Feline herpesvirus 1
Feline calicivirus
Virus isolation
title An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens
title_full An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens
title_fullStr An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens
title_full_unstemmed An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens
title_short An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1(FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens
title_sort efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1 fhv 1 in feline calicivirus fcv coinfected specimens
topic Coinfection
Feline herpesvirus 1
Feline calicivirus
Virus isolation
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-025-04786-w
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