A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants
Abstract Accurately quantifying cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is increasingly important for improving risk assessment and guiding clinical decisions. However, research on V̇O2peak reference values and predictive equations for the Chinese population r...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94207-7 |
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| author | Jinan Wang Chuan Ren Shunlin Xu Yifang Yuan Yanxin Song Dingding Xie Kexin Wang Lei Yuan Tao Shen Ling Xu Yida Tang Wei Gao Wei Zhao |
| author_facet | Jinan Wang Chuan Ren Shunlin Xu Yifang Yuan Yanxin Song Dingding Xie Kexin Wang Lei Yuan Tao Shen Ling Xu Yida Tang Wei Gao Wei Zhao |
| author_sort | Jinan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Accurately quantifying cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is increasingly important for improving risk assessment and guiding clinical decisions. However, research on V̇O2peak reference values and predictive equations for the Chinese population remains limited. This study aimed to establish a V̇O2peak predictive equation for Chinese adults. This study analyzed healthy participants who underwent CPET at Peking University Third Hospital (PUTH) from September 1, 2017, to September 1, 2023. Data from September 1, 2017, and August 31, 2021 were used as the derivation cohort, and September 1, 2021, to September 1, 2023 were utilized as an external validation cohort for temporal validation. The derivation cohort underwent backward multivariate regression analysis to generate the V̇O2peak prediction equation, which was compared with the widely-used Wasserman, FRIEND and Xiangya equations. The PUTH derivation cohort (N = 4531, mean age: 50.7 years, 18–88 years) and validation cohort (N = 4624, mean age: 46.1 years, 18–89 years) included 48.8 and 48.5% men, respectively. With increasing age, both men and women V̇O2peak exhibited a general decline. The predictive equation for V̇O2peak was established based on the derivation cohort: V̇O2peak (mL·min−1) = −24364.9 − 621.3 × Sex (Women = 1, Men = 2) −10.7 × Age + 0.2 × Height2 (cm) + 6464.7 × Log(BMI) −24997.2 × Log(BSA) +12388.6 × Log(LBM) (adjusted R2 = 0.624, p < 0.001). It demonstrated higher consistency between measured and predicted results compared to Xiangya, Wasserman, and FRIEND equations. This study presents the PUTH equation, a new V̇O2peak prediction equation for Chinese adults. Compared to existing equations, the PUTH equation shows reduced bias and improved accuracy, providing a more reliable tool for assessing CRF and guiding clinical interventions in the Chinese population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-71a497601a8240718ee4e39fa243f05d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-71a497601a8240718ee4e39fa243f05d2025-08-20T03:40:50ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-94207-7A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participantsJinan Wang0Chuan Ren1Shunlin Xu2Yifang Yuan3Yanxin Song4Dingding Xie5Kexin Wang6Lei Yuan7Tao Shen8Ling Xu9Yida Tang10Wei Gao11Wei Zhao12Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalClinical Research Institute, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking UniversityDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalDepartment of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University Third HospitalAbstract Accurately quantifying cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is increasingly important for improving risk assessment and guiding clinical decisions. However, research on V̇O2peak reference values and predictive equations for the Chinese population remains limited. This study aimed to establish a V̇O2peak predictive equation for Chinese adults. This study analyzed healthy participants who underwent CPET at Peking University Third Hospital (PUTH) from September 1, 2017, to September 1, 2023. Data from September 1, 2017, and August 31, 2021 were used as the derivation cohort, and September 1, 2021, to September 1, 2023 were utilized as an external validation cohort for temporal validation. The derivation cohort underwent backward multivariate regression analysis to generate the V̇O2peak prediction equation, which was compared with the widely-used Wasserman, FRIEND and Xiangya equations. The PUTH derivation cohort (N = 4531, mean age: 50.7 years, 18–88 years) and validation cohort (N = 4624, mean age: 46.1 years, 18–89 years) included 48.8 and 48.5% men, respectively. With increasing age, both men and women V̇O2peak exhibited a general decline. The predictive equation for V̇O2peak was established based on the derivation cohort: V̇O2peak (mL·min−1) = −24364.9 − 621.3 × Sex (Women = 1, Men = 2) −10.7 × Age + 0.2 × Height2 (cm) + 6464.7 × Log(BMI) −24997.2 × Log(BSA) +12388.6 × Log(LBM) (adjusted R2 = 0.624, p < 0.001). It demonstrated higher consistency between measured and predicted results compared to Xiangya, Wasserman, and FRIEND equations. This study presents the PUTH equation, a new V̇O2peak prediction equation for Chinese adults. Compared to existing equations, the PUTH equation shows reduced bias and improved accuracy, providing a more reliable tool for assessing CRF and guiding clinical interventions in the Chinese population.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94207-7Cardiorespiratory fitnessPeak oxygen uptakeCardiopulmonary exercise testingV̇O2peak predictive equation |
| spellingShingle | Jinan Wang Chuan Ren Shunlin Xu Yifang Yuan Yanxin Song Dingding Xie Kexin Wang Lei Yuan Tao Shen Ling Xu Yida Tang Wei Gao Wei Zhao A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants Scientific Reports Cardiorespiratory fitness Peak oxygen uptake Cardiopulmonary exercise testing V̇O2peak predictive equation |
| title | A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants |
| title_full | A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants |
| title_fullStr | A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants |
| title_full_unstemmed | A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants |
| title_short | A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants |
| title_sort | reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in chinese adult participants |
| topic | Cardiorespiratory fitness Peak oxygen uptake Cardiopulmonary exercise testing V̇O2peak predictive equation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94207-7 |
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