Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice
To investigate the regulatory effect of a bacteriocin-producing strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 on the gut microbiota of mice, 15 healthy C57 male mice were randomly administered an equal volume of sterile normal saline (HD, control group, <i>n</i> = 7) and <...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Zhiyu Fu Haitao Zhang Zhenzhu Yang Yujun Liu Peng Wang Junjie Zhang Hai Chi |
| author_facet | Zhiyu Fu Haitao Zhang Zhenzhu Yang Yujun Liu Peng Wang Junjie Zhang Hai Chi |
| author_sort | Zhiyu Fu |
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| description | To investigate the regulatory effect of a bacteriocin-producing strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 on the gut microbiota of mice, 15 healthy C57 male mice were randomly administered an equal volume of sterile normal saline (HD, control group, <i>n</i> = 7) and <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 (YD, treatment group, <i>n</i> = 8) via gavage. Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses were performed to determine the composition and metabolic function of the intestinal microbiota in mice. The results showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes continuously increased over time in YD compared to HD. The number of <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 increased slowly and remained steady from days 7 to 28, indicating that <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 could colonize a considerable number of mouse guts via intragastric administration. Supplementation with <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 demonstrated a regulatory effect on the intestinal microbiota composition of mice, causing a shift in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes at the phylum level. In addition, a total of 2426 different metabolites were found in mouse feces, including 1286 and 1140 metabolites in positive and negative modes, respectively. Vitamin B6 and succinate were the most regulated and downregulated metabolites in negative ion mode, and the most upregulated and downregulated metabolites in positive ion mode were N-methyl-glutamic acid and N-octanoyl sphingosine. In conclusion, <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 can colonize mice gut, affecting the gut microbiota and metabolic competence. This strain therefore offers considerable potential for application as a probiotic. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-718cb9528c604800a1dcaeaa38ff67162025-08-20T03:12:15ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-02-0113237210.3390/microorganisms13020372Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in MiceZhiyu Fu0Haitao Zhang1Zhenzhu Yang2Yujun Liu3Peng Wang4Junjie Zhang5Hai Chi6Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, ChinaKey Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, ChinaEast China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, ChinaSchool of Ocean Food and Biology Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, ChinaKey Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, ChinaTo investigate the regulatory effect of a bacteriocin-producing strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 on the gut microbiota of mice, 15 healthy C57 male mice were randomly administered an equal volume of sterile normal saline (HD, control group, <i>n</i> = 7) and <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 (YD, treatment group, <i>n</i> = 8) via gavage. Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses were performed to determine the composition and metabolic function of the intestinal microbiota in mice. The results showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes continuously increased over time in YD compared to HD. The number of <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 increased slowly and remained steady from days 7 to 28, indicating that <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 could colonize a considerable number of mouse guts via intragastric administration. Supplementation with <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 demonstrated a regulatory effect on the intestinal microbiota composition of mice, causing a shift in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes at the phylum level. In addition, a total of 2426 different metabolites were found in mouse feces, including 1286 and 1140 metabolites in positive and negative modes, respectively. Vitamin B6 and succinate were the most regulated and downregulated metabolites in negative ion mode, and the most upregulated and downregulated metabolites in positive ion mode were N-methyl-glutamic acid and N-octanoyl sphingosine. In conclusion, <i>E. faecalis</i> DH9003 can colonize mice gut, affecting the gut microbiota and metabolic competence. This strain therefore offers considerable potential for application as a probiotic.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/372<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>metagenomic sequencemetabolomic analysisgut microbiotaprobiotics |
| spellingShingle | Zhiyu Fu Haitao Zhang Zhenzhu Yang Yujun Liu Peng Wang Junjie Zhang Hai Chi Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice Microorganisms <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> metagenomic sequence metabolomic analysis gut microbiota probiotics |
| title | Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice |
| title_full | Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice |
| title_short | Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of a Bacteriocin-Producing Strain of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> DH9003 in Regulating Gut Microbiota in Mice |
| title_sort | metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the role of a bacteriocin producing strain of i enterococcus faecalis i dh9003 in regulating gut microbiota in mice |
| topic | <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> metagenomic sequence metabolomic analysis gut microbiota probiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/2/372 |
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