Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial.
Attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) are a novel malaria control tool designed to target mosquitoes outdoors. We conducted a cluster-randomised trial to evaluate the impact of ATSBs on malaria indicators in Kenya. Seventy clusters (≥100 households/cluster) in Siaya county were randomly assigned (...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
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| Series: | PLOS Global Public Health |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004230 |
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| author | Caroline Ogwang Aaron M Samuels Daniel P McDermott Alice Kamau Maia Lesosky Kizito Obiet Julia M Janssen Wycliffe Odongo John E Gimnig Julie R Gutman Jonathan S Schultz Oliver Towett Brian Seda Mercy Chepkirui Margaret Muchoki Seline Omondi Jackline Kosgei Brian Polo Frank Aduwo Kephas Otieno Martin J Donnelly Simon Kariuki Eric Ochomo Feiko Ter Kuile Sarah G Staedke |
| author_facet | Caroline Ogwang Aaron M Samuels Daniel P McDermott Alice Kamau Maia Lesosky Kizito Obiet Julia M Janssen Wycliffe Odongo John E Gimnig Julie R Gutman Jonathan S Schultz Oliver Towett Brian Seda Mercy Chepkirui Margaret Muchoki Seline Omondi Jackline Kosgei Brian Polo Frank Aduwo Kephas Otieno Martin J Donnelly Simon Kariuki Eric Ochomo Feiko Ter Kuile Sarah G Staedke |
| author_sort | Caroline Ogwang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) are a novel malaria control tool designed to target mosquitoes outdoors. We conducted a cluster-randomised trial to evaluate the impact of ATSBs on malaria indicators in Kenya. Seventy clusters (≥100 households/cluster) in Siaya county were randomly assigned (1:1) to intervention or control. Pyrethroid-only long-lasting insecticidal nets were distributed to all clusters, aiming for universal coverage. Two ATSBs containing dinotefuran were hung outside household structures in intervention clusters. ATSBs were monitored every two months and replaced every six months over two years. Three consecutive cohorts of randomly selected children (1- < 15 years) were enrolled, aiming to accrue 1,260 person-years over two years of follow-up. Incidence of clinical malaria (fever with a positive malaria test) was the primary outcome. A multilevel Poisson regression model was applied, with clusters as a random intercept and study arm as a fixed effect. Secondary outcomes were malaria prevalence in community residents (≥1 month), and parity of mosquitos captured through human landing catches. In March 2022, ATSBs were delivered to 33,180 of 33,419 (99.3%) household structures in intervention clusters. Overall, 268,268 ATSBs were deployed over two years. Of 2,962 cohort children enrolled (intervention = 1,497; control = 1,465), 2,869 (96.9%) were included in the primary analysis (intervention = 1,461; control = 1,408), contributing 1,445 person-years of follow-up. Malaria incidence was 1.32 episodes per person-years in the intervention arm versus 1.20 in the control (unadjusted incidence rate ratio 1.11; 95% CI: 0.75-1.65; p = 0.598). Of 7,488 community residents surveyed (intervention = 3,760; control = 3,728), 1,474 (39.2%) intervention and 1,461 (39.2%) control participants tested positive for malaria (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.98; 95% CI: 0.60-1.59; p = 0.93). Of 6,457 female anopheles mosquitoes collected (intervention = 4,058; control = 2,399), 3,579 (88.2%) intervention and 1,973 (82.2%) control mosquitoes were parous (OR 1.34; 95% CI: 0.91-1.99; p = 0.14). In Kenya, we found no evidence that ATSBs reduced clinical malaria incidence, malaria prevalence, or vector parity. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05219565), 22 January 2022. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7173f90d744d4bc28bff7d7fb3a43352 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2767-3375 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLOS Global Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-7173f90d744d4bc28bff7d7fb3a433522025-08-20T03:29:04ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLOS Global Public Health2767-33752025-01-0156e000423010.1371/journal.pgph.0004230Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial.Caroline OgwangAaron M SamuelsDaniel P McDermottAlice KamauMaia LesoskyKizito ObietJulia M JanssenWycliffe OdongoJohn E GimnigJulie R GutmanJonathan S SchultzOliver TowettBrian SedaMercy ChepkiruiMargaret MuchokiSeline OmondiJackline KosgeiBrian PoloFrank AduwoKephas OtienoMartin J DonnellySimon KariukiEric OchomoFeiko Ter KuileSarah G StaedkeAttractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) are a novel malaria control tool designed to target mosquitoes outdoors. We conducted a cluster-randomised trial to evaluate the impact of ATSBs on malaria indicators in Kenya. Seventy clusters (≥100 households/cluster) in Siaya county were randomly assigned (1:1) to intervention or control. Pyrethroid-only long-lasting insecticidal nets were distributed to all clusters, aiming for universal coverage. Two ATSBs containing dinotefuran were hung outside household structures in intervention clusters. ATSBs were monitored every two months and replaced every six months over two years. Three consecutive cohorts of randomly selected children (1- < 15 years) were enrolled, aiming to accrue 1,260 person-years over two years of follow-up. Incidence of clinical malaria (fever with a positive malaria test) was the primary outcome. A multilevel Poisson regression model was applied, with clusters as a random intercept and study arm as a fixed effect. Secondary outcomes were malaria prevalence in community residents (≥1 month), and parity of mosquitos captured through human landing catches. In March 2022, ATSBs were delivered to 33,180 of 33,419 (99.3%) household structures in intervention clusters. Overall, 268,268 ATSBs were deployed over two years. Of 2,962 cohort children enrolled (intervention = 1,497; control = 1,465), 2,869 (96.9%) were included in the primary analysis (intervention = 1,461; control = 1,408), contributing 1,445 person-years of follow-up. Malaria incidence was 1.32 episodes per person-years in the intervention arm versus 1.20 in the control (unadjusted incidence rate ratio 1.11; 95% CI: 0.75-1.65; p = 0.598). Of 7,488 community residents surveyed (intervention = 3,760; control = 3,728), 1,474 (39.2%) intervention and 1,461 (39.2%) control participants tested positive for malaria (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.98; 95% CI: 0.60-1.59; p = 0.93). Of 6,457 female anopheles mosquitoes collected (intervention = 4,058; control = 2,399), 3,579 (88.2%) intervention and 1,973 (82.2%) control mosquitoes were parous (OR 1.34; 95% CI: 0.91-1.99; p = 0.14). In Kenya, we found no evidence that ATSBs reduced clinical malaria incidence, malaria prevalence, or vector parity. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05219565), 22 January 2022.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004230 |
| spellingShingle | Caroline Ogwang Aaron M Samuels Daniel P McDermott Alice Kamau Maia Lesosky Kizito Obiet Julia M Janssen Wycliffe Odongo John E Gimnig Julie R Gutman Jonathan S Schultz Oliver Towett Brian Seda Mercy Chepkirui Margaret Muchoki Seline Omondi Jackline Kosgei Brian Polo Frank Aduwo Kephas Otieno Martin J Donnelly Simon Kariuki Eric Ochomo Feiko Ter Kuile Sarah G Staedke Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial. PLOS Global Public Health |
| title | Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial. |
| title_full | Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial. |
| title_fullStr | Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial. |
| title_short | Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya) - Effect of ATSBs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators: A Phase III, open-label, cluster-randomised, controlled trial. |
| title_sort | attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western kenya atsb kenya effect of atsbs on epidemiologic and entomologic indicators a phase iii open label cluster randomised controlled trial |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004230 |
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