Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian Patients
Background: There is a marked overlap of clinical and laboratory features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease (KD); resulting in a diagnostic dilemma. Studies comparing MIS-C and KD in Indian children are limited. The present study was conducted to describe...
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Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher
2024-05-01
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| Series: | Pediatric Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.pidjournal.com/doi/PID/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1420 |
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| author | Utkarsh Singh Suhas Prabhu Deepak Phalgune |
| author_facet | Utkarsh Singh Suhas Prabhu Deepak Phalgune |
| author_sort | Utkarsh Singh |
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| description | Background: There is a marked overlap of clinical and laboratory features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease (KD); resulting in a diagnostic dilemma. Studies comparing MIS-C and KD in Indian children are limited. The present study was conducted to describe the similarities and differences between MIS-C and KD which may help in diagnosis.
Materials and methods: This prospective observational and retrospective study was conducted between April 2022 and March 2023. A total of 82 children <18 years of age were included; 41 with MIS-C and 41 diagnosed as KD admitted in the same hospital as controls. The primary objectives were to compare the gastrointestinal manifestations between the two groups, whereas the secondary objectives were to compare the mucocutaneous and cardiac manifestations.
Results: The mean duration of fever was significantly longer in children with KD compared to those with MIS-C. Gastrointestinal manifestations were notably more prevalent in the MIS-C group, whereas mucocutaneous signs were more frequently observed in the KD group (KDG). Evidence of shock, the use of inotropes, and the need for respiratory support were significantly higher in the MIS-C group than in the KDG. Myocardial dysfunction and pericardial effusion/regurgitation were also more prevalent in the MIS-C group, whereas coronary dilatation/aneurysm was significantly lower compared to the KDG. Mean white blood cell (WBC) count, percentage of lymphocytes, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and platelet count were notably higher in the KDG compared to the MIS-C group. Liver function tests (LFTs), renal function tests (RFTs), and inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were comparable between the two groups.
Conclusion: There were vast similarities between KD and MIS-C, suggesting that they lie along the same clinical spectrum. However, there are several differences between the two disease entities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-71564271bc644456a062c34e1bac9de5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2582-4988 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-05-01 |
| publisher | Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pediatric Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-71564271bc644456a062c34e1bac9de52025-02-07T11:21:15ZengJaypee Brothers Medical PublisherPediatric Infectious Disease2582-49882024-05-0162495410.5005/jp-journals-10081-14203Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian PatientsUtkarsh Singh0Suhas Prabhu1Deepak Phalgune2Department of Pediatrics, P D Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IndiaSuhas Prabhu, Department of Pediatrics, P D Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Phone: +91 9820355767Department of Research, P D Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IndiaBackground: There is a marked overlap of clinical and laboratory features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease (KD); resulting in a diagnostic dilemma. Studies comparing MIS-C and KD in Indian children are limited. The present study was conducted to describe the similarities and differences between MIS-C and KD which may help in diagnosis. Materials and methods: This prospective observational and retrospective study was conducted between April 2022 and March 2023. A total of 82 children <18 years of age were included; 41 with MIS-C and 41 diagnosed as KD admitted in the same hospital as controls. The primary objectives were to compare the gastrointestinal manifestations between the two groups, whereas the secondary objectives were to compare the mucocutaneous and cardiac manifestations. Results: The mean duration of fever was significantly longer in children with KD compared to those with MIS-C. Gastrointestinal manifestations were notably more prevalent in the MIS-C group, whereas mucocutaneous signs were more frequently observed in the KD group (KDG). Evidence of shock, the use of inotropes, and the need for respiratory support were significantly higher in the MIS-C group than in the KDG. Myocardial dysfunction and pericardial effusion/regurgitation were also more prevalent in the MIS-C group, whereas coronary dilatation/aneurysm was significantly lower compared to the KDG. Mean white blood cell (WBC) count, percentage of lymphocytes, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and platelet count were notably higher in the KDG compared to the MIS-C group. Liver function tests (LFTs), renal function tests (RFTs), and inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were comparable between the two groups. Conclusion: There were vast similarities between KD and MIS-C, suggesting that they lie along the same clinical spectrum. However, there are several differences between the two disease entities.https://www.pidjournal.com/doi/PID/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1420coronavirus disease 2019kawasaki diseasemultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children |
| spellingShingle | Utkarsh Singh Suhas Prabhu Deepak Phalgune Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian Patients Pediatric Infectious Disease coronavirus disease 2019 kawasaki disease multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children |
| title | Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian Patients |
| title_full | Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian Patients |
| title_fullStr | Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian Patients |
| title_short | Similarities and Differences between Coronavirus Disease 2019-related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children and Kawasaki Disease in Indian Patients |
| title_sort | similarities and differences between coronavirus disease 2019 related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and kawasaki disease in indian patients |
| topic | coronavirus disease 2019 kawasaki disease multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children |
| url | https://www.pidjournal.com/doi/PID/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1420 |
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