Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extraction
This study investigates the antibacterial and antifungal activities of various solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol and chloroform) from Cajanus scarabaeoides seeds against both bacterial and fungal strains. The antibacterial activities were tested against gram-positive (Bacillus subti...
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Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT)
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Notulae Scientia Biologicae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.notulaebiologicae.ro/index.php/nsb/article/view/12249 |
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| author | Rajesh ROKKAM Felicity PINIPAY Killo J. TITUS Satyanarayana BOTCHA Raghavarao TAMANAM |
| author_facet | Rajesh ROKKAM Felicity PINIPAY Killo J. TITUS Satyanarayana BOTCHA Raghavarao TAMANAM |
| author_sort | Rajesh ROKKAM |
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This study investigates the antibacterial and antifungal activities of various solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol and chloroform) from Cajanus scarabaeoides seeds against both bacterial and fungal strains. The antibacterial activities were tested against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus) and gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli), while antifungal activities were examined against Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus niger. The methanol extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, particularly against S. aureus (12.67 mm inhibition), M. luteus (19.83 mm inhibition), S. paratyphi (12.33 mm inhibition), S. cerevisiae (12.50 mm) and A. niger (10.63 mm inhibition). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) demonstrated the potency of the methanol extract, especially with M. luteus (MIC of 27.83 µg/mL), S. paratyphi (28.50 µg/mL), and S. cerevisiae (28.80 µg/mL). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a strong correlation between phytochemicals like phenols, tannins, and flavonoids, and their antimicrobial effects, particularly against B. subtilis, S. paratyphi, and S. cerevisiae. The findings suggest that polar solvent methanol is more effective in extracting bioactive compounds responsible for antimicrobial and antifungal activities in C. scarabaeoides.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-714a94c34f9e4f6aa17fbc85b6d05438 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2067-3264 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Notulae Scientia Biologicae |
| spelling | doaj-art-714a94c34f9e4f6aa17fbc85b6d054382025-08-20T01:55:12ZengSociety of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT)Notulae Scientia Biologicae2067-32642025-03-0117110.55779/nsb17112249Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extractionRajesh ROKKAM0Felicity PINIPAY1Killo J. TITUS2Satyanarayana BOTCHA3Raghavarao TAMANAM4Andhra University, College of Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Visakhapatnam, 530003Andhra University, College of Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Visakhapatnam, 530003Andhra University, College of Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Visakhapatnam, 530003Andhra University, College of Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Visakhapatnam, 530003Andhra University, College of Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Visakhapatnam, 530003 This study investigates the antibacterial and antifungal activities of various solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol and chloroform) from Cajanus scarabaeoides seeds against both bacterial and fungal strains. The antibacterial activities were tested against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus) and gram-negative bacteria (Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella paratyphi, Escherichia coli), while antifungal activities were examined against Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus niger. The methanol extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, particularly against S. aureus (12.67 mm inhibition), M. luteus (19.83 mm inhibition), S. paratyphi (12.33 mm inhibition), S. cerevisiae (12.50 mm) and A. niger (10.63 mm inhibition). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) demonstrated the potency of the methanol extract, especially with M. luteus (MIC of 27.83 µg/mL), S. paratyphi (28.50 µg/mL), and S. cerevisiae (28.80 µg/mL). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a strong correlation between phytochemicals like phenols, tannins, and flavonoids, and their antimicrobial effects, particularly against B. subtilis, S. paratyphi, and S. cerevisiae. The findings suggest that polar solvent methanol is more effective in extracting bioactive compounds responsible for antimicrobial and antifungal activities in C. scarabaeoides. https://www.notulaebiologicae.ro/index.php/nsb/article/view/12249antibacterialantifungalCajanus scarabaeoidesmethanol extractMICseeds |
| spellingShingle | Rajesh ROKKAM Felicity PINIPAY Killo J. TITUS Satyanarayana BOTCHA Raghavarao TAMANAM Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extraction Notulae Scientia Biologicae antibacterial antifungal Cajanus scarabaeoides methanol extract MIC seeds |
| title | Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extraction |
| title_full | Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extraction |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extraction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extraction |
| title_short | Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of Cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts: A comparative study of solvent-based phytochemical extraction |
| title_sort | antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of cajanus scarabaeoides seed extracts a comparative study of solvent based phytochemical extraction |
| topic | antibacterial antifungal Cajanus scarabaeoides methanol extract MIC seeds |
| url | https://www.notulaebiologicae.ro/index.php/nsb/article/view/12249 |
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