Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone
Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) is a preservative and antimicrobial agent widely used in various household and industrial products. It is readily detectable in pesticides, polishes, printing inks and detergents. This extensive use is reflected in a vast amount of this compound in the environment, which ma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132401707X |
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| author | Federica Impellitteri Kristian Riolo Giorgia Zicarelli Miriam Porretti Cristiana Roberta Multisanti Giuseppe Piccione Alessia Giannetto Caterina Faggio |
| author_facet | Federica Impellitteri Kristian Riolo Giorgia Zicarelli Miriam Porretti Cristiana Roberta Multisanti Giuseppe Piccione Alessia Giannetto Caterina Faggio |
| author_sort | Federica Impellitteri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) is a preservative and antimicrobial agent widely used in various household and industrial products. It is readily detectable in pesticides, polishes, printing inks and detergents. This extensive use is reflected in a vast amount of this compound in the environment, which may cause toxic effects in organisms that come in contact with it. In light of the aforementioned context, this work aims to investigate the potential cellular and physiological impact on aquatic organisms through in vitro tests, utilising haemocytes and digestive gland (DG) cells derived from the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Two different concentrations (B1: 0.03 µg/L; B2: 0.3 µg/L) were tested at two different times of exposure (T1: 1 h; T2: 3 h) to evaluate the viability of cells, the phagocytic activity (haemocytes), the regulation volume decrease (RVD on DG cells) capability. Moreover, the cytoprotective mechanisms related to oxidative stress and detoxification were evaluated through the expression analysis by qPCR of key genes involved in these pathways. The most significant results obtained from these tests were the reduction of viability of haemocytes at T2 of exposure to B2, a decrease of vitality in DG cells exposed to B1 during the T1, the significant alteration in the phagocytosis activity, the upregulation of Cu/ZnSOD gene, the inhibition of the CYPY1 gene expression and upregulation of the Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene following the BIT exposure. These findings provide a valuable foundation for further investigation, offering insights into the potential impact of BIT on aquatic communities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-713ac87f92f4449e9ed0e713879909f7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj-art-713ac87f92f4449e9ed0e713879909f72025-02-12T05:30:03ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132025-01-01290117631Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinoneFederica Impellitteri0Kristian Riolo1Giorgia Zicarelli2Miriam Porretti3Cristiana Roberta Multisanti4Giuseppe Piccione5Alessia Giannetto6Caterina Faggio7Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, Messina, Messina 98168, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, Messina, Messina 98168, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, Messina, Messina 98168, ItalyDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, Italy; Corresponding author.Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres, 31, Messina 98166, Italy; Department of Eco-sustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, ItalyBenzisothiazolinone (BIT) is a preservative and antimicrobial agent widely used in various household and industrial products. It is readily detectable in pesticides, polishes, printing inks and detergents. This extensive use is reflected in a vast amount of this compound in the environment, which may cause toxic effects in organisms that come in contact with it. In light of the aforementioned context, this work aims to investigate the potential cellular and physiological impact on aquatic organisms through in vitro tests, utilising haemocytes and digestive gland (DG) cells derived from the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Two different concentrations (B1: 0.03 µg/L; B2: 0.3 µg/L) were tested at two different times of exposure (T1: 1 h; T2: 3 h) to evaluate the viability of cells, the phagocytic activity (haemocytes), the regulation volume decrease (RVD on DG cells) capability. Moreover, the cytoprotective mechanisms related to oxidative stress and detoxification were evaluated through the expression analysis by qPCR of key genes involved in these pathways. The most significant results obtained from these tests were the reduction of viability of haemocytes at T2 of exposure to B2, a decrease of vitality in DG cells exposed to B1 during the T1, the significant alteration in the phagocytosis activity, the upregulation of Cu/ZnSOD gene, the inhibition of the CYPY1 gene expression and upregulation of the Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene following the BIT exposure. These findings provide a valuable foundation for further investigation, offering insights into the potential impact of BIT on aquatic communities.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132401707Xin vitro exposureBenzisothiazolinoneMytilus galloprovincialisHaemolymphDigestive glandsGene expression |
| spellingShingle | Federica Impellitteri Kristian Riolo Giorgia Zicarelli Miriam Porretti Cristiana Roberta Multisanti Giuseppe Piccione Alessia Giannetto Caterina Faggio Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in vitro exposure Benzisothiazolinone Mytilus galloprovincialis Haemolymph Digestive glands Gene expression |
| title | Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone |
| title_full | Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone |
| title_short | Evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone |
| title_sort | evaluation of cellular and physiological alterations of cells from mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to benzisothiazolinone |
| topic | in vitro exposure Benzisothiazolinone Mytilus galloprovincialis Haemolymph Digestive glands Gene expression |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132401707X |
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