The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and Adaptation

This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and morphological traits of 32 populations of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> collected from the Aniene Valley. Quantitative seed trait analyses revealed that Mandolone accessions exhibited significantly higher seed weights and dimensions...

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Main Authors: Mario Ciaffi, Anna Rita Paolacci, Martina Marcomeni, Lorenzo Coluccia, Paola Taviani, Enrica Alicandri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Plants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3320
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author Mario Ciaffi
Anna Rita Paolacci
Martina Marcomeni
Lorenzo Coluccia
Paola Taviani
Enrica Alicandri
author_facet Mario Ciaffi
Anna Rita Paolacci
Martina Marcomeni
Lorenzo Coluccia
Paola Taviani
Enrica Alicandri
author_sort Mario Ciaffi
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and morphological traits of 32 populations of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> collected from the Aniene Valley. Quantitative seed trait analyses revealed that Mandolone accessions exhibited significantly higher seed weights and dimensions compared to Fagiolone accessions. Specifically, Mandolone accessions showed an average weight of 189.48 g per 100 seeds, with seed heights and lengths averaging 14.38 mm and 23.84 mm, respectively. In contrast, Fagiolone accessions had an average seed weight of 174.13 g, with seed heights and lengths of 13.95 mm and 22.58 mm, respectively. Molecular analysis, conducted using 9 polymorphic SSR loci, identified 53 alleles across 320 genotypes, with a mean expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.695. This indicated that there was high genetic variability within the Aniene Valley populations. The genetic diversity analysis revealed two genetic clusters corresponding to the Mandolone and Fagiolone landraces. This was supported by UPGMA, PCoA, and STRUCTURE analyses. This study highlights the need to conserve the genetic diversity within these landraces and provides a basis for the development of conservation strategies for <i>P. coccineus</i> germplasms in the singular ecological context of the Aniene Valley.
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spelling doaj-art-712d392ad0ad4aa8b2e177a3daa169ea2025-08-20T02:50:40ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-11-011323332010.3390/plants13233320The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and AdaptationMario Ciaffi0Anna Rita Paolacci1Martina Marcomeni2Lorenzo Coluccia3Paola Taviani4Enrica Alicandri5Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, ItalyDepartment for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, ItalyDepartment for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, ItalyDepartment for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, ItalyARSIAL, Regional Agency for the Development and the Innovation of Agriculture in Lazio, Via Rodolfo Lanciani 38, 00162 Roma, ItalyDepartment for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, ItalyThis study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and morphological traits of 32 populations of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> collected from the Aniene Valley. Quantitative seed trait analyses revealed that Mandolone accessions exhibited significantly higher seed weights and dimensions compared to Fagiolone accessions. Specifically, Mandolone accessions showed an average weight of 189.48 g per 100 seeds, with seed heights and lengths averaging 14.38 mm and 23.84 mm, respectively. In contrast, Fagiolone accessions had an average seed weight of 174.13 g, with seed heights and lengths of 13.95 mm and 22.58 mm, respectively. Molecular analysis, conducted using 9 polymorphic SSR loci, identified 53 alleles across 320 genotypes, with a mean expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.695. This indicated that there was high genetic variability within the Aniene Valley populations. The genetic diversity analysis revealed two genetic clusters corresponding to the Mandolone and Fagiolone landraces. This was supported by UPGMA, PCoA, and STRUCTURE analyses. This study highlights the need to conserve the genetic diversity within these landraces and provides a basis for the development of conservation strategies for <i>P. coccineus</i> germplasms in the singular ecological context of the Aniene Valley.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3320<i>Phaseolus coccineus</i>bean landracesgenetic diversitySSR molecular markersmorphological traitsgermplasm conservation
spellingShingle Mario Ciaffi
Anna Rita Paolacci
Martina Marcomeni
Lorenzo Coluccia
Paola Taviani
Enrica Alicandri
The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and Adaptation
Plants
<i>Phaseolus coccineus</i>
bean landraces
genetic diversity
SSR molecular markers
morphological traits
germplasm conservation
title The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and Adaptation
title_full The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and Adaptation
title_fullStr The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and Adaptation
title_full_unstemmed The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and Adaptation
title_short The Characterization of the Morphological and Molecular Traits of <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i> in the Aniene Valley: Insights into Genetic Diversity and Adaptation
title_sort characterization of the morphological and molecular traits of i phaseolus coccineus i in the aniene valley insights into genetic diversity and adaptation
topic <i>Phaseolus coccineus</i>
bean landraces
genetic diversity
SSR molecular markers
morphological traits
germplasm conservation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3320
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