Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-making

In the 5 years since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the field of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has dramatically expanded with programs implemented across the globe to monitor for SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses of public health concern. However, the best way to use wastewater surveillanc...

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Main Authors: Anna Gitter, Valeria Ruvalcaba, Katelyn Clark, Theresa Tran Carapucci, Fuqing Wu, Blake M. Hanson, Jennifer Deegan, John Balliew, Eric Boerwinkle, Anthony W. Maresso, Kristina D. Mena
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Public Health
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1562659/full
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author Anna Gitter
Anna Gitter
Valeria Ruvalcaba
Katelyn Clark
Katelyn Clark
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Fuqing Wu
Fuqing Wu
Blake M. Hanson
Blake M. Hanson
Jennifer Deegan
Jennifer Deegan
John Balliew
Eric Boerwinkle
Eric Boerwinkle
Eric Boerwinkle
Anthony W. Maresso
Anthony W. Maresso
Anthony W. Maresso
Kristina D. Mena
Kristina D. Mena
Kristina D. Mena
author_facet Anna Gitter
Anna Gitter
Valeria Ruvalcaba
Katelyn Clark
Katelyn Clark
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Fuqing Wu
Fuqing Wu
Blake M. Hanson
Blake M. Hanson
Jennifer Deegan
Jennifer Deegan
John Balliew
Eric Boerwinkle
Eric Boerwinkle
Eric Boerwinkle
Anthony W. Maresso
Anthony W. Maresso
Anthony W. Maresso
Kristina D. Mena
Kristina D. Mena
Kristina D. Mena
author_sort Anna Gitter
collection DOAJ
description In the 5 years since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the field of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has dramatically expanded with programs implemented across the globe to monitor for SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses of public health concern. However, the best way to use wastewater surveillance data and inform local communities of the utility of wastewater science remains limited and sporadically discussed. Specifically, there is vague guidance regarding interpreting varying levels of viral loads in wastewater for public health significance. While collaborative efforts are key to implementing these community-specific wastewater surveillance programs, effectively using the data for public health decision-making still needs significant refinement. Aligned with recent calls for advancing the science of wastewater surveillance, the experiences described in this article examine the critical need to advance other aspects of WBE programs, including communication, ethics, and decision-making.
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
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series Frontiers in Public Health
spelling doaj-art-7127ef5b7da54e0b8840a5fa7cc8afa52025-08-20T01:55:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652025-05-011310.3389/fpubh.2025.15626591562659Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-makingAnna Gitter0Anna Gitter1Valeria Ruvalcaba2Katelyn Clark3Katelyn Clark4Theresa Tran Carapucci5Theresa Tran Carapucci6Theresa Tran Carapucci7Fuqing Wu8Fuqing Wu9Blake M. Hanson10Blake M. Hanson11Jennifer Deegan12Jennifer Deegan13John Balliew14Eric Boerwinkle15Eric Boerwinkle16Eric Boerwinkle17Anthony W. Maresso18Anthony W. Maresso19Anthony W. Maresso20Kristina D. Mena21Kristina D. Mena22Kristina D. Mena23Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Epidemiology, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Management, Policy and Community Health, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Emergency Medicine, UTHealth Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United StatesUTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Epidemiology, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesUTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesEl Paso Water Utility, El Paso, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Epidemiology, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesUTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesTAILOR Labs, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United StatesTexas Epidemic Public Health Institute (TEPHI), UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesUTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesIn the 5 years since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the field of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has dramatically expanded with programs implemented across the globe to monitor for SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses of public health concern. However, the best way to use wastewater surveillance data and inform local communities of the utility of wastewater science remains limited and sporadically discussed. Specifically, there is vague guidance regarding interpreting varying levels of viral loads in wastewater for public health significance. While collaborative efforts are key to implementing these community-specific wastewater surveillance programs, effectively using the data for public health decision-making still needs significant refinement. Aligned with recent calls for advancing the science of wastewater surveillance, the experiences described in this article examine the critical need to advance other aspects of WBE programs, including communication, ethics, and decision-making.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1562659/fullepidemiologyhuman healthvirusesquantitative microbial risk assessmentpandemic preparedness
spellingShingle Anna Gitter
Anna Gitter
Valeria Ruvalcaba
Katelyn Clark
Katelyn Clark
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Theresa Tran Carapucci
Fuqing Wu
Fuqing Wu
Blake M. Hanson
Blake M. Hanson
Jennifer Deegan
Jennifer Deegan
John Balliew
Eric Boerwinkle
Eric Boerwinkle
Eric Boerwinkle
Anthony W. Maresso
Anthony W. Maresso
Anthony W. Maresso
Kristina D. Mena
Kristina D. Mena
Kristina D. Mena
Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-making
Frontiers in Public Health
epidemiology
human health
viruses
quantitative microbial risk assessment
pandemic preparedness
title Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-making
title_full Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-making
title_fullStr Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-making
title_full_unstemmed Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-making
title_short Turning analysis into action: opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision-making
title_sort turning analysis into action opportunities and challenges in implementing wastewater science for public health decision making
topic epidemiology
human health
viruses
quantitative microbial risk assessment
pandemic preparedness
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1562659/full
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