Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USA

Abstract Whole lake residence time has been associated with various water quality parameters, including harmful algal blooms. Despite observations of spatial variability in commonly measured lake water quality parameters, little attention is given to the spatial variability of residence time in lake...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Guillaume A. R. Auger, Michael R. Kelly, Vincent W. Moriarty, Kevin C. Rose, Harry R. Kolar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-02-01
Series:Water Resources Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR034168
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850211585868431360
author Guillaume A. R. Auger
Michael R. Kelly
Vincent W. Moriarty
Kevin C. Rose
Harry R. Kolar
author_facet Guillaume A. R. Auger
Michael R. Kelly
Vincent W. Moriarty
Kevin C. Rose
Harry R. Kolar
author_sort Guillaume A. R. Auger
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Whole lake residence time has been associated with various water quality parameters, including harmful algal blooms. Despite observations of spatial variability in commonly measured lake water quality parameters, little attention is given to the spatial variability of residence time in lakes. In this paper we use water age as a surrogate for residence time and we examine its spatial and temporal distribution in 10 bays of varying size in Lake George, New York (USA). Using a validated hydrodynamic model against observations of water temperature and water currents, and using simulated water age, we show that the average residence time in most of the bays is less than 3 days. Timeseries of bay‐average water age shows that it can sharply decrease within 1 day due to a strong wind event. The average spatial distribution is shown to be non‐uniform, with only a small section of the bottom layer of the bays having a substantially greater age, which may be more than 1 week in certain bays. Snapshots of water age transects indicate that strong wind events substantially change the vertical distribution of water age in some bays, even to the extent of inverting the distribution. The substantial decreases of water age in the bays were associated with the shallowing and deepening of the thermocline. Our results highlight how variations in water residence times within lakes could introduce substantial variation in water quality attributes. Whole lake residence times may serve as a poor proxy to understand the dynamics of water masses, especially in large and morphologically complex waterbodies.
format Article
id doaj-art-711e2b782d8f441eaa87e32be9d141b2
institution OA Journals
issn 0043-1397
1944-7973
language English
publishDate 2024-02-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Water Resources Research
spelling doaj-art-711e2b782d8f441eaa87e32be9d141b22025-08-20T02:09:31ZengWileyWater Resources Research0043-13971944-79732024-02-01602n/an/a10.1029/2022WR034168Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USAGuillaume A. R. Auger0Michael R. Kelly1Vincent W. Moriarty2Kevin C. Rose3Harry R. Kolar4IBM Research Yorktown Heights NY USAIBM Research Yorktown Heights NY USAIBM Research Yorktown Heights NY USARensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USAIBM Research Yorktown Heights NY USAAbstract Whole lake residence time has been associated with various water quality parameters, including harmful algal blooms. Despite observations of spatial variability in commonly measured lake water quality parameters, little attention is given to the spatial variability of residence time in lakes. In this paper we use water age as a surrogate for residence time and we examine its spatial and temporal distribution in 10 bays of varying size in Lake George, New York (USA). Using a validated hydrodynamic model against observations of water temperature and water currents, and using simulated water age, we show that the average residence time in most of the bays is less than 3 days. Timeseries of bay‐average water age shows that it can sharply decrease within 1 day due to a strong wind event. The average spatial distribution is shown to be non‐uniform, with only a small section of the bottom layer of the bays having a substantially greater age, which may be more than 1 week in certain bays. Snapshots of water age transects indicate that strong wind events substantially change the vertical distribution of water age in some bays, even to the extent of inverting the distribution. The substantial decreases of water age in the bays were associated with the shallowing and deepening of the thermocline. Our results highlight how variations in water residence times within lakes could introduce substantial variation in water quality attributes. Whole lake residence times may serve as a poor proxy to understand the dynamics of water masses, especially in large and morphologically complex waterbodies.https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR034168water ageresidence timelake
spellingShingle Guillaume A. R. Auger
Michael R. Kelly
Vincent W. Moriarty
Kevin C. Rose
Harry R. Kolar
Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USA
Water Resources Research
water age
residence time
lake
title Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USA
title_full Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USA
title_fullStr Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USA
title_full_unstemmed Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USA
title_short Understanding Lake Residence Time Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: A Modeling Analysis of Lake George, New York USA
title_sort understanding lake residence time across spatial and temporal scales a modeling analysis of lake george new york usa
topic water age
residence time
lake
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR034168
work_keys_str_mv AT guillaumearauger understandinglakeresidencetimeacrossspatialandtemporalscalesamodelinganalysisoflakegeorgenewyorkusa
AT michaelrkelly understandinglakeresidencetimeacrossspatialandtemporalscalesamodelinganalysisoflakegeorgenewyorkusa
AT vincentwmoriarty understandinglakeresidencetimeacrossspatialandtemporalscalesamodelinganalysisoflakegeorgenewyorkusa
AT kevincrose understandinglakeresidencetimeacrossspatialandtemporalscalesamodelinganalysisoflakegeorgenewyorkusa
AT harryrkolar understandinglakeresidencetimeacrossspatialandtemporalscalesamodelinganalysisoflakegeorgenewyorkusa