Exosomal PD-L1 derived from hypoxia nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell exacerbates CD8+ T cell suppression by promoting PD-L1 upregulation in macrophages

Exosomal PD-L1 derived from hypoxia nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell exacerbates CD8+ T cell suppression by promoting PD-L1 upregulation in macrophages

Abstract Immunotherapy targeting the programmed death ligand-1/programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) pathway exhibits limited effectiveness in individuals with recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent studies have noted that hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment (TM...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaofei Yuan, Xiong Liu, Di Jiang, Zijun Zheng, Xuemin Ma, Shuting Wu, Xiangping Li, Juan Lu, Ming Fu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
Subjects:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Hypoxia
PD-L1
Macrophage
Immune escape
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-025-04047-7
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