Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium Wilt

In recent years, strawberry cultivation in Spain has been increasingly affected by new and re-emerging fungal diseases. The most significant emerging diseases in Spain include those caused by <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> spp. Maharachch., K.D.Hyde & Crous and <i>Fusarium oxysporum&...

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Main Authors: Manuel Avilés, Ana M. Pastrana, Celia Borrero
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Plants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3441
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author Manuel Avilés
Ana M. Pastrana
Celia Borrero
author_facet Manuel Avilés
Ana M. Pastrana
Celia Borrero
author_sort Manuel Avilés
collection DOAJ
description In recent years, strawberry cultivation in Spain has been increasingly affected by new and re-emerging fungal diseases. The most significant emerging diseases in Spain include those caused by <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> spp. Maharachch., K.D.Hyde & Crous and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>fragariae</i> Winks & Y.N. Williams. These pathogens are difficult to control due to their pathogenic variability (presence of pathotypes and/or races), the lack of knowledge about the susceptibility of the different cultivars, the limited availability of effective fumigants, and the absence of sufficient information about their sources of inoculum. Both pathogens can cause root and crown rot, leading to plant collapse and significant losses for strawberry producers. Several factors have contributed to the rise of these diseases in Spain: (i) the gradual ban on key soil fumigants has left the crop vulnerable; (ii) there has been a notable diversification in the origin of mother plants used in cultivation, with plants now sourced from various countries, increasing the risk of long-distance pathogen spread; (iii) the introduction of numerous new strawberry varieties, which exposes more genotypes to pathogenic infections; and (iv) changes in planting times, leading to younger and more vulnerable plants being exposed to heat stress, as well as an increase in disease susceptibility. <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> spp. and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>fragariae</i> have also become major threats to strawberry crops worldwide, spreading through nursery plants and the movement of plant material. The latest research findings in Spain on both pathogens are highlighted in this manuscript.
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spelling doaj-art-70fc7cfc2e9f498faf827fab413c3e7e2025-08-20T02:50:34ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-12-011323344110.3390/plants13233441Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium WiltManuel Avilés0Ana M. Pastrana1Celia Borrero2Departamento de Agronomía, ETSIA-Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, C.P, 41013 Seville, SpainDepartamento de Agronomía, ETSIA-Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, C.P, 41013 Seville, SpainDepartamento de Agronomía, ETSIA-Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, C.P, 41013 Seville, SpainIn recent years, strawberry cultivation in Spain has been increasingly affected by new and re-emerging fungal diseases. The most significant emerging diseases in Spain include those caused by <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> spp. Maharachch., K.D.Hyde & Crous and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>fragariae</i> Winks & Y.N. Williams. These pathogens are difficult to control due to their pathogenic variability (presence of pathotypes and/or races), the lack of knowledge about the susceptibility of the different cultivars, the limited availability of effective fumigants, and the absence of sufficient information about their sources of inoculum. Both pathogens can cause root and crown rot, leading to plant collapse and significant losses for strawberry producers. Several factors have contributed to the rise of these diseases in Spain: (i) the gradual ban on key soil fumigants has left the crop vulnerable; (ii) there has been a notable diversification in the origin of mother plants used in cultivation, with plants now sourced from various countries, increasing the risk of long-distance pathogen spread; (iii) the introduction of numerous new strawberry varieties, which exposes more genotypes to pathogenic infections; and (iv) changes in planting times, leading to younger and more vulnerable plants being exposed to heat stress, as well as an increase in disease susceptibility. <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> spp. and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>fragariae</i> have also become major threats to strawberry crops worldwide, spreading through nursery plants and the movement of plant material. The latest research findings in Spain on both pathogens are highlighted in this manuscript.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3441strawberry<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>fragariae</i>pathotypesracesinoculum sourcescultivar susceptibility
spellingShingle Manuel Avilés
Ana M. Pastrana
Celia Borrero
Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium Wilt
Plants
strawberry
<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>fragariae</i>
pathotypes
races
inoculum sources
cultivar susceptibility
title Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium Wilt
title_full Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium Wilt
title_fullStr Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium Wilt
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium Wilt
title_short Emerging Diseases in Spain Strawberry Crops: Neopestalotiopsis Leaf and Crown Rot and Fusarium Wilt
title_sort emerging diseases in spain strawberry crops neopestalotiopsis leaf and crown rot and fusarium wilt
topic strawberry
<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>fragariae</i>
pathotypes
races
inoculum sources
cultivar susceptibility
url https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3441
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AT celiaborrero emergingdiseasesinspainstrawberrycropsneopestalotiopsisleafandcrownrotandfusariumwilt