Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra

ABSTRACT Recent studies have shown that three-dimensional architecture of bacterial chromatin plays an important role in gene expression regulation. However, genome topological organization in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, remains unknown. On the other hand, the ex...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mohit Mishra, Ajay Arya, Md. Zubbair Malik, Akanksha Mishra, Seyed E. Hasnain, Rakesh Bhatnagar, Shandar Ahmad, Rupesh Chaturvedi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Society for Microbiology 2025-05-01
Series:mSystems
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msystems.00562-24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849309674554261504
author Mohit Mishra
Ajay Arya
Md. Zubbair Malik
Akanksha Mishra
Seyed E. Hasnain
Rakesh Bhatnagar
Shandar Ahmad
Rupesh Chaturvedi
author_facet Mohit Mishra
Ajay Arya
Md. Zubbair Malik
Akanksha Mishra
Seyed E. Hasnain
Rakesh Bhatnagar
Shandar Ahmad
Rupesh Chaturvedi
author_sort Mohit Mishra
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Recent studies have shown that three-dimensional architecture of bacterial chromatin plays an important role in gene expression regulation. However, genome topological organization in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, remains unknown. On the other hand, the exact mechanism of differential pathogenesis in the canonical strains of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra remains poorly understood in terms of their raw sequences. In this context, a detailed contact map from a Hi-C experiment is a candidate for what bridges the gap. Here, we present the first comprehensive report on genome-wide contact maps between regions of H37Rv and H37Ra genomes. We tracked differences between the genome architectures of H37Rv and H37Ra, which could possibly explain the virulence attenuation in H37Ra. We confirm the existence of a differential organization between the two strains most significantly a higher chromosome interaction domain (CID) size in the attenuated H37Ra strain. CID boundaries are also found enriched with highly expressed genes and with higher operon density in H37Rv. Furthermore, most of the differentially expressed PE/PPE genes were present near the CID boundaries in H37Rv and not in H37Ra. We also found a systemic reorganization of CIDs in both virulent H37Rv and avirulent H37Ra strains after hypoxia induction. Collectively, our study proposes a differential genomic topological pattern between H37Rv and H37Ra, which could explain the virulence attenuation in H37Ra.IMPORTANCEGenome organization studies using chromosome conformation capture techniques have proved to be useful in establishing a three-dimensional (3D) landscape of bacterial chromatin. The sequence-based studies failed to unveil the exact mechanism for virulence attenuation in one of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Ra. Moreover, as of today, no study investigated the 3D structure of the M. tuberculosis genome and how 3D genome organization affects transcription in M. tuberculosis. We investigated the genome topology in virulent and attenuated strains of M. tuberculosis using Hi-C. Our study demonstrated that virulent and attenuated M. tuberculosis strains exhibit distinct topological features that correlate with higher gene expression of virulence genes in the virulent H37Rv strain.
format Article
id doaj-art-70f2f2b4798c42698c04e292dfef1b89
institution Kabale University
issn 2379-5077
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher American Society for Microbiology
record_format Article
series mSystems
spelling doaj-art-70f2f2b4798c42698c04e292dfef1b892025-08-20T03:54:01ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymSystems2379-50772025-05-0110510.1128/msystems.00562-24Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37RaMohit Mishra0Ajay Arya1Md. Zubbair Malik2Akanksha Mishra3Seyed E. Hasnain4Rakesh Bhatnagar5Shandar Ahmad6Rupesh Chaturvedi7School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, IndiaSchool of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, IndiaSchool of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, IndiaSchool of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, IndiaDepartment of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, IndiaAmity University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, IndiaSchool of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, IndiaSchool of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, IndiaABSTRACT Recent studies have shown that three-dimensional architecture of bacterial chromatin plays an important role in gene expression regulation. However, genome topological organization in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis, remains unknown. On the other hand, the exact mechanism of differential pathogenesis in the canonical strains of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra remains poorly understood in terms of their raw sequences. In this context, a detailed contact map from a Hi-C experiment is a candidate for what bridges the gap. Here, we present the first comprehensive report on genome-wide contact maps between regions of H37Rv and H37Ra genomes. We tracked differences between the genome architectures of H37Rv and H37Ra, which could possibly explain the virulence attenuation in H37Ra. We confirm the existence of a differential organization between the two strains most significantly a higher chromosome interaction domain (CID) size in the attenuated H37Ra strain. CID boundaries are also found enriched with highly expressed genes and with higher operon density in H37Rv. Furthermore, most of the differentially expressed PE/PPE genes were present near the CID boundaries in H37Rv and not in H37Ra. We also found a systemic reorganization of CIDs in both virulent H37Rv and avirulent H37Ra strains after hypoxia induction. Collectively, our study proposes a differential genomic topological pattern between H37Rv and H37Ra, which could explain the virulence attenuation in H37Ra.IMPORTANCEGenome organization studies using chromosome conformation capture techniques have proved to be useful in establishing a three-dimensional (3D) landscape of bacterial chromatin. The sequence-based studies failed to unveil the exact mechanism for virulence attenuation in one of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Ra. Moreover, as of today, no study investigated the 3D structure of the M. tuberculosis genome and how 3D genome organization affects transcription in M. tuberculosis. We investigated the genome topology in virulent and attenuated strains of M. tuberculosis using Hi-C. Our study demonstrated that virulent and attenuated M. tuberculosis strains exhibit distinct topological features that correlate with higher gene expression of virulence genes in the virulent H37Rv strain.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msystems.00562-24M. tuberculosisHi-CCIDCID boundariesgene expression
spellingShingle Mohit Mishra
Ajay Arya
Md. Zubbair Malik
Akanksha Mishra
Seyed E. Hasnain
Rakesh Bhatnagar
Shandar Ahmad
Rupesh Chaturvedi
Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra
mSystems
M. tuberculosis
Hi-C
CID
CID boundaries
gene expression
title Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra
title_full Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra
title_fullStr Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra
title_full_unstemmed Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra
title_short Differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains H37Rv and H37Ra
title_sort differential genome organization revealed by comparative topological analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains h37rv and h37ra
topic M. tuberculosis
Hi-C
CID
CID boundaries
gene expression
url https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msystems.00562-24
work_keys_str_mv AT mohitmishra differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra
AT ajayarya differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra
AT mdzubbairmalik differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra
AT akankshamishra differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra
AT seyedehasnain differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra
AT rakeshbhatnagar differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra
AT shandarahmad differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra
AT rupeshchaturvedi differentialgenomeorganizationrevealedbycomparativetopologicalanalysisofmycobacteriumtuberculosisstrainsh37rvandh37ra