Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City
There is a relationship between mental and physical health. Depression and anxiety are linked with the development of several chronic diseases. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among adult hypertensive outpatients in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Hypertension |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8560835 |
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| author | Mohammad Shoaib Hamrah Mohammad Hassan Hamrah Hideki Ishii Susumu Suzuki Mohammad Hussain Hamrah Ahmad Edris Hamrah Ahmad Elias Dahi Kyosuke Takeshita Maimaiti Yisireyili Mohammad Hashem Hamrah Akbar Fotouhi Junichi Sakamoto Toyoaki Murohara |
| author_facet | Mohammad Shoaib Hamrah Mohammad Hassan Hamrah Hideki Ishii Susumu Suzuki Mohammad Hussain Hamrah Ahmad Edris Hamrah Ahmad Elias Dahi Kyosuke Takeshita Maimaiti Yisireyili Mohammad Hashem Hamrah Akbar Fotouhi Junichi Sakamoto Toyoaki Murohara |
| author_sort | Mohammad Shoaib Hamrah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is a relationship between mental and physical health. Depression and anxiety are linked with the development of several chronic diseases. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among adult hypertensive outpatients in Afghanistan. Methods. Two hundred thirty-four consecutive hypertensive patients from December 2015 to August 2016 were recruited to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire, which has scores for classifying the participants having anxiety and depression symptoms. Results. Of the total 234 patients, 81 (34.6%) were males and 153 (65.4%) were females. The mean age was 54.6±12.7 for the hypertensive patients with anxiety and 63.8±15.0 for the hypertensive patients with depression while this figure was 49.5±10.2 for the adult participants in general population in Kabul city (Saeed, 2013). The prevalence of anxiety and depression (42.3% vs. 58.1%) among hypertensive persons is compared with the same mental disorders among Afghan refugees (39.3% vs. 22.1%) in Dalakee Refugee Camp (in Iran) (Hosseini Divkolaye and Burkle, 2017). Of the total participants, 99 had anxiety (42.3%), 136 had depression (58.1%), and 66 had (28.2%) comorbid anxiety-depression. Multivariate analysis was used. For anxiety age, female gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association. For depression, age and diabetes mellitus had a significant association, and for comorbid anxiety, depression, age, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association. Conclusion. This study shows that anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among hypertensive patients in an outpatient clinic in Afghanistan. There was an association between some sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and anxiety and depression. More studies are needed on a national level to inform the development of strategies for the prevention and control of psychological distress among patients with chronic diseases in Afghanistan. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-70adacaf0ff649babcbf3ddfdb747806 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-0384 2090-0392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Hypertension |
| spelling | doaj-art-70adacaf0ff649babcbf3ddfdb7478062025-08-20T02:06:47ZengWileyInternational Journal of Hypertension2090-03842090-03922018-01-01201810.1155/2018/85608358560835Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy CityMohammad Shoaib Hamrah0Mohammad Hassan Hamrah1Hideki Ishii2Susumu Suzuki3Mohammad Hussain Hamrah4Ahmad Edris Hamrah5Ahmad Elias Dahi6Kyosuke Takeshita7Maimaiti Yisireyili8Mohammad Hashem Hamrah9Akbar Fotouhi10Junichi Sakamoto11Toyoaki Murohara12Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanDr. Mohammad Hashem Hamrah’s Curative Clinic, Andkhoy, AfghanistanDepartment of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanDepartment of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanDr. Mohammad Hashem Hamrah’s Curative Clinic, Andkhoy, AfghanistanDr. Mohammad Hashem Hamrah’s Curative Clinic, Andkhoy, AfghanistanDr. Mohammad Hashem Hamrah’s Curative Clinic, Andkhoy, AfghanistanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanDepartment of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanDr. Mohammad Hashem Hamrah’s Curative Clinic, Andkhoy, AfghanistanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, IranTokai Central Hospital, Kakamigahara, JapanDepartment of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanThere is a relationship between mental and physical health. Depression and anxiety are linked with the development of several chronic diseases. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression among adult hypertensive outpatients in Afghanistan. Methods. Two hundred thirty-four consecutive hypertensive patients from December 2015 to August 2016 were recruited to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire, which has scores for classifying the participants having anxiety and depression symptoms. Results. Of the total 234 patients, 81 (34.6%) were males and 153 (65.4%) were females. The mean age was 54.6±12.7 for the hypertensive patients with anxiety and 63.8±15.0 for the hypertensive patients with depression while this figure was 49.5±10.2 for the adult participants in general population in Kabul city (Saeed, 2013). The prevalence of anxiety and depression (42.3% vs. 58.1%) among hypertensive persons is compared with the same mental disorders among Afghan refugees (39.3% vs. 22.1%) in Dalakee Refugee Camp (in Iran) (Hosseini Divkolaye and Burkle, 2017). Of the total participants, 99 had anxiety (42.3%), 136 had depression (58.1%), and 66 had (28.2%) comorbid anxiety-depression. Multivariate analysis was used. For anxiety age, female gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association. For depression, age and diabetes mellitus had a significant association, and for comorbid anxiety, depression, age, diabetes mellitus, and 2 or more chronic diseases had a significant association. Conclusion. This study shows that anxiety and depression are highly prevalent among hypertensive patients in an outpatient clinic in Afghanistan. There was an association between some sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and anxiety and depression. More studies are needed on a national level to inform the development of strategies for the prevention and control of psychological distress among patients with chronic diseases in Afghanistan.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8560835 |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Shoaib Hamrah Mohammad Hassan Hamrah Hideki Ishii Susumu Suzuki Mohammad Hussain Hamrah Ahmad Edris Hamrah Ahmad Elias Dahi Kyosuke Takeshita Maimaiti Yisireyili Mohammad Hashem Hamrah Akbar Fotouhi Junichi Sakamoto Toyoaki Murohara Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City International Journal of Hypertension |
| title | Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City |
| title_full | Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City |
| title_fullStr | Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City |
| title_short | Anxiety and Depression among Hypertensive Outpatients in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study in Andkhoy City |
| title_sort | anxiety and depression among hypertensive outpatients in afghanistan a cross sectional study in andkhoy city |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8560835 |
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