On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular Arrays
Antenna array calibration methods and narrowband direction finding (DF) techniques will be outlined and compared for a uniform circular array. DF is stated as an inverse problem, which solution requires a parametric model of the array itself. Because real arrays suffer from mechanical and electrical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1523469 |
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| author | Stephan Häfner Martin Käske Reiner Thomä |
| author_facet | Stephan Häfner Martin Käske Reiner Thomä |
| author_sort | Stephan Häfner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antenna array calibration methods and narrowband direction finding (DF) techniques will be outlined and compared for a uniform circular array. DF is stated as an inverse problem, which solution requires a parametric model of the array itself. Because real arrays suffer from mechanical and electrical imperfections, analytic array models are per se not applicable. Mitigation of such disturbances by a global calibration matrix will be addressed, and methods to estimate this calibration matrix will be recapped from literature. Also, a novel method will be presented, which circumvents the problem of a changed noise statistic due to calibration. Furthermore, local calibration, where array calibration measurements are incorporated in the DF algorithm, is considered as well. Common DF algorithms will be outlined, their assumptions regarding array properties will be addressed, and required preprocessing steps such as the beam-space transformation will be presented. Also, two novel DF techniques will be proposed, based on the Capon beamformer, but with reduced computational effort and higher resolution for bearing estimation. Simulations are used to exemplary compare calibration and DF methods in conjunction with each other. Furthermore, measurements with a single and two coherent sources are considered. It turns out that global calibration enables computational efficient DF algorithms but causes biased estimates. Furthermore, resolution of two coherent sources necessitates array calibration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-707e3480ec334375900504e94b143396 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-5869 1687-5877 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
| spelling | doaj-art-707e3480ec334375900504e94b1433962025-02-03T06:06:10ZengWileyInternational Journal of Antennas and Propagation1687-58691687-58772019-01-01201910.1155/2019/15234691523469On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular ArraysStephan Häfner0Martin Käske1Reiner Thomä2Electronic Measurements and Signal Processing Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98684 Ilmenau, GermanyElectronic Measurements and Signal Processing Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98684 Ilmenau, GermanyElectronic Measurements and Signal Processing Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98684 Ilmenau, GermanyAntenna array calibration methods and narrowband direction finding (DF) techniques will be outlined and compared for a uniform circular array. DF is stated as an inverse problem, which solution requires a parametric model of the array itself. Because real arrays suffer from mechanical and electrical imperfections, analytic array models are per se not applicable. Mitigation of such disturbances by a global calibration matrix will be addressed, and methods to estimate this calibration matrix will be recapped from literature. Also, a novel method will be presented, which circumvents the problem of a changed noise statistic due to calibration. Furthermore, local calibration, where array calibration measurements are incorporated in the DF algorithm, is considered as well. Common DF algorithms will be outlined, their assumptions regarding array properties will be addressed, and required preprocessing steps such as the beam-space transformation will be presented. Also, two novel DF techniques will be proposed, based on the Capon beamformer, but with reduced computational effort and higher resolution for bearing estimation. Simulations are used to exemplary compare calibration and DF methods in conjunction with each other. Furthermore, measurements with a single and two coherent sources are considered. It turns out that global calibration enables computational efficient DF algorithms but causes biased estimates. Furthermore, resolution of two coherent sources necessitates array calibration.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1523469 |
| spellingShingle | Stephan Häfner Martin Käske Reiner Thomä On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular Arrays International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
| title | On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular Arrays |
| title_full | On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular Arrays |
| title_fullStr | On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular Arrays |
| title_full_unstemmed | On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular Arrays |
| title_short | On Calibration and Direction Finding with Uniform Circular Arrays |
| title_sort | on calibration and direction finding with uniform circular arrays |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1523469 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stephanhafner oncalibrationanddirectionfindingwithuniformcirculararrays AT martinkaske oncalibrationanddirectionfindingwithuniformcirculararrays AT reinerthoma oncalibrationanddirectionfindingwithuniformcirculararrays |