Bacterivorous Ciliate <i>Tetrahymena pyriformis</i> Facilitates <i>vanA</i> Antibiotic Resistance Gene Transfer in <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>

Bacterivorous Ciliate <i>Tetrahymena pyriformis</i> Facilitates <i>vanA</i> Antibiotic Resistance Gene Transfer in <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>

<b>Background:</b> Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are hotspots for the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In activated sludge treatment systems, bacterivorous protozoa play a crucial role in biological processes, yet their impact on the horizontal gene trans...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Temilola O. Olanrewaju, James S. G. Dooley, Heather M. Coleman, Chris McGonigle, Joerg Arnscheidt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Antibiotics
Subjects:
antimicrobial resistance
antibiotic resistant bacteria
horizontal gene transfer
conjugation
protists
protozoa
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/5/448
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