Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?

Objectives of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology and clinical course of chickenpox in children based on 6 years of self-reported observations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The medical records of 350 patients under 18 years of age hospitali...

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Main Authors: Justyna Franczak, Zuzanna Wasielewska, Anna Maria Fotyga, Krystyna Dobrowolska, Justyna Moppert, Małgorzata Sobolewska-Pilarczyk, Małgorzata Pawłowska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Viruses
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1912
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author Justyna Franczak
Zuzanna Wasielewska
Anna Maria Fotyga
Krystyna Dobrowolska
Justyna Moppert
Małgorzata Sobolewska-Pilarczyk
Małgorzata Pawłowska
author_facet Justyna Franczak
Zuzanna Wasielewska
Anna Maria Fotyga
Krystyna Dobrowolska
Justyna Moppert
Małgorzata Sobolewska-Pilarczyk
Małgorzata Pawłowska
author_sort Justyna Franczak
collection DOAJ
description Objectives of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology and clinical course of chickenpox in children based on 6 years of self-reported observations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The medical records of 350 patients under 18 years of age hospitalised in the Department of Paediatrics, Infectious Diseases, and Hepatology between 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2023 were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: During the analysed period, 350 children were hospitalised due to chickenpox, the fewest in the pandemic period, the greatest number in 2023. Complications of chickenpox were diagnosed in 297 children (84.86%). The most commonly diagnosed complications were bacterial dermatitis (168, 48%) and lower respiratory tract infections (13.42%). After the pandemic period, a generalised inflammatory reaction was observed significantly more often (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01069). Among children hospitalised in 2023, 5.90% of patients with bacterial dermatitis required surgical intervention due to skin abscess or fasciitis. In 2023, 41.46% of cultures from swabs taken from skin lesions grew <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>. After the pandemic, children with chickenpox and gastrointestinal symptoms were hospitalised significantly less frequently (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.00001). <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">CONCLUSIONS: </span>In the post-pandemic period, there were more hospitalisations of patients with chickenpox complicated by bacterial skin infection progressing to a generalised inflammatory reaction or septicaemia, related to the increase in invasive group A streptococcal infections observed in Europe. On the other hand, thanks to the widespread adaption of hygiene practices and infection prevention measures, the number of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms significantly decreased.
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spelling doaj-art-705f6e6c3b9b440d97a0196bee9045fa2025-08-20T02:56:51ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-12-011612191210.3390/v16121912Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?Justyna Franczak0Zuzanna Wasielewska1Anna Maria Fotyga2Krystyna Dobrowolska3Justyna Moppert4Małgorzata Sobolewska-Pilarczyk5Małgorzata Pawłowska6Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, PolandDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, PolandDepartment of Paediatrics, Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Voivodeship Infectious Observation Hospital, 85-030 Bydgoszcz, PolandCollegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, PolandDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, PolandDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, PolandDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, PolandObjectives of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology and clinical course of chickenpox in children based on 6 years of self-reported observations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The medical records of 350 patients under 18 years of age hospitalised in the Department of Paediatrics, Infectious Diseases, and Hepatology between 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2023 were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: During the analysed period, 350 children were hospitalised due to chickenpox, the fewest in the pandemic period, the greatest number in 2023. Complications of chickenpox were diagnosed in 297 children (84.86%). The most commonly diagnosed complications were bacterial dermatitis (168, 48%) and lower respiratory tract infections (13.42%). After the pandemic period, a generalised inflammatory reaction was observed significantly more often (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01069). Among children hospitalised in 2023, 5.90% of patients with bacterial dermatitis required surgical intervention due to skin abscess or fasciitis. In 2023, 41.46% of cultures from swabs taken from skin lesions grew <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>. After the pandemic, children with chickenpox and gastrointestinal symptoms were hospitalised significantly less frequently (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.00001). <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">CONCLUSIONS: </span>In the post-pandemic period, there were more hospitalisations of patients with chickenpox complicated by bacterial skin infection progressing to a generalised inflammatory reaction or septicaemia, related to the increase in invasive group A streptococcal infections observed in Europe. On the other hand, thanks to the widespread adaption of hygiene practices and infection prevention measures, the number of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms significantly decreased.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1912chickenpoxchildrenCOVID-19
spellingShingle Justyna Franczak
Zuzanna Wasielewska
Anna Maria Fotyga
Krystyna Dobrowolska
Justyna Moppert
Małgorzata Sobolewska-Pilarczyk
Małgorzata Pawłowska
Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?
Viruses
chickenpox
children
COVID-19
title Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?
title_full Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?
title_fullStr Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?
title_full_unstemmed Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?
title_short Has COVID-19 Affected the Course of Chickenpox in Children?
title_sort has covid 19 affected the course of chickenpox in children
topic chickenpox
children
COVID-19
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/12/1912
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