Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T
PurposeEvaluate the feasibility of quantification of Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the 2nd rotating frame (RAFF2) relaxation times in the human myocardium at 3 T.MethodsTRAFF2 mapping was performed using a breath-held ECG-gated acquisition of five images: one without preparation, three prec...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1373240/full |
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| author | Joao Tourais Joao Tourais Joao Tourais Maša Božić-Iven Maša Božić-Iven Maša Božić-Iven Yidong Zhao Qian Tao Iain Pierce Iain Pierce Christian Nitsche Christian Nitsche George D. Thornton George D. Thornton Lothar R. Schad Lothar R. Schad Thomas A. Treibel Thomas A. Treibel Sebastian Weingärtner Mehmet Akçakaya Mehmet Akçakaya |
| author_facet | Joao Tourais Joao Tourais Joao Tourais Maša Božić-Iven Maša Božić-Iven Maša Božić-Iven Yidong Zhao Qian Tao Iain Pierce Iain Pierce Christian Nitsche Christian Nitsche George D. Thornton George D. Thornton Lothar R. Schad Lothar R. Schad Thomas A. Treibel Thomas A. Treibel Sebastian Weingärtner Mehmet Akçakaya Mehmet Akçakaya |
| author_sort | Joao Tourais |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PurposeEvaluate the feasibility of quantification of Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the 2nd rotating frame (RAFF2) relaxation times in the human myocardium at 3 T.MethodsTRAFF2 mapping was performed using a breath-held ECG-gated acquisition of five images: one without preparation, three preceded by RAFF2 trains of varying duration, and one preceded by a saturation prepulse. Pixel-wise TRAFF2 maps were obtained after three-parameter exponential fitting. The repeatability of TRAFF2, T1, and T2 was assessed in phantom via the coefficient of variation (CV) across three repetitions. In seven healthy subjects, TRAFF2 was tested for precision, reproducibility, inter-subject variability, and image quality (IQ) on a Likert scale (1 = Nondiagnostic, 5 = Excellent). Additionally, TRAFF2 mapping was performed in three patients with suspected cardiovascular disease, comparing it to late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), native T1, T2, and ECV mapping.ResultsIn phantom, TRAFF2 showed good repeatability (CV < 1.5%) while showing no (R2=0.09) and high (R2=0.99) correlation with T1 and T2, respectively. Myocardial TRAFF2 maps exhibited overall acceptable image quality (IQ = 3.0±1.0) with moderate artifact levels, stemming from off-resonances near the coronary sinus. Average TRAFF2 time across subjects and repetitions was 79.1 ± 7.3 ms. Good precision (7.6 ± 1.4%), reproducibility (1.0 ± 0.6%), and low inter-subject variability (10.0 ± 1.8%) were obtained. In patients, visual agreement of the infarcted area was observed in the TRAFF2 map and LGE.ConclusionMyocardial TRAFF2 quantification at 3 T was successfully achieved in a single breath-hold with acceptable image quality, albeit with residual off-resonance artifacts. Nonetheless, preliminary clinical data indicate potential sensitivity of TRAFF2 mapping to myocardial infarction detection without the need for contrast agents, but off-resonance artifacts mitigation warrants further investigation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7048ac4a185a4bd2bb904b14f6afc14e |
| institution | OA Journals |
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| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-7048ac4a185a4bd2bb904b14f6afc14e2025-08-20T02:30:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2024-12-011110.3389/fcvm.2024.13732401373240Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 TJoao Tourais0Joao Tourais1Joao Tourais2Maša Božić-Iven3Maša Božić-Iven4Maša Božić-Iven5Yidong Zhao6Qian Tao7Iain Pierce8Iain Pierce9Christian Nitsche10Christian Nitsche11George D. Thornton12George D. Thornton13Lothar R. Schad14Lothar R. Schad15Thomas A. Treibel16Thomas A. Treibel17Sebastian Weingärtner18Mehmet Akçakaya19Mehmet Akçakaya20Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, NetherlandsComputer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyMannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyImaging Physics, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, NetherlandsComputer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyMannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyImaging Physics, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, NetherlandsImaging Physics, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, NetherlandsBarts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United KingdomInstitute of Cardiovascular Science, University College, London, United KingdomBarts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United KingdomInstitute of Cardiovascular Science, University College, London, United KingdomBarts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United KingdomInstitute of Cardiovascular Science, University College, London, United KingdomComputer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyMannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, GermanyBarts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United KingdomInstitute of Cardiovascular Science, University College, London, United KingdomImaging Physics, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, NetherlandsElectrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United StatesCenter for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United StatesPurposeEvaluate the feasibility of quantification of Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the 2nd rotating frame (RAFF2) relaxation times in the human myocardium at 3 T.MethodsTRAFF2 mapping was performed using a breath-held ECG-gated acquisition of five images: one without preparation, three preceded by RAFF2 trains of varying duration, and one preceded by a saturation prepulse. Pixel-wise TRAFF2 maps were obtained after three-parameter exponential fitting. The repeatability of TRAFF2, T1, and T2 was assessed in phantom via the coefficient of variation (CV) across three repetitions. In seven healthy subjects, TRAFF2 was tested for precision, reproducibility, inter-subject variability, and image quality (IQ) on a Likert scale (1 = Nondiagnostic, 5 = Excellent). Additionally, TRAFF2 mapping was performed in three patients with suspected cardiovascular disease, comparing it to late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), native T1, T2, and ECV mapping.ResultsIn phantom, TRAFF2 showed good repeatability (CV < 1.5%) while showing no (R2=0.09) and high (R2=0.99) correlation with T1 and T2, respectively. Myocardial TRAFF2 maps exhibited overall acceptable image quality (IQ = 3.0±1.0) with moderate artifact levels, stemming from off-resonances near the coronary sinus. Average TRAFF2 time across subjects and repetitions was 79.1 ± 7.3 ms. Good precision (7.6 ± 1.4%), reproducibility (1.0 ± 0.6%), and low inter-subject variability (10.0 ± 1.8%) were obtained. In patients, visual agreement of the infarcted area was observed in the TRAFF2 map and LGE.ConclusionMyocardial TRAFF2 quantification at 3 T was successfully achieved in a single breath-hold with acceptable image quality, albeit with residual off-resonance artifacts. Nonetheless, preliminary clinical data indicate potential sensitivity of TRAFF2 mapping to myocardial infarction detection without the need for contrast agents, but off-resonance artifacts mitigation warrants further investigation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1373240/fullTRAFF2 mappingmyocardial infarctionlate gadolinium enhancementT1cardiovascular magnetic resonancerelaxation along a fictitious field |
| spellingShingle | Joao Tourais Joao Tourais Joao Tourais Maša Božić-Iven Maša Božić-Iven Maša Božić-Iven Yidong Zhao Qian Tao Iain Pierce Iain Pierce Christian Nitsche Christian Nitsche George D. Thornton George D. Thornton Lothar R. Schad Lothar R. Schad Thomas A. Treibel Thomas A. Treibel Sebastian Weingärtner Mehmet Akçakaya Mehmet Akçakaya Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine TRAFF2 mapping myocardial infarction late gadolinium enhancement T1 cardiovascular magnetic resonance relaxation along a fictitious field |
| title | Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T |
| title_full | Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T |
| title_fullStr | Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T |
| title_short | Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T |
| title_sort | feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame traff2 mapping in the human myocardium at 3 t |
| topic | TRAFF2 mapping myocardial infarction late gadolinium enhancement T1 cardiovascular magnetic resonance relaxation along a fictitious field |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1373240/full |
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