Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice

Abstract Background The HD-Zip family of plant-specific transcription factors coordinates developmental processes and abiotic stress adaptation, including drought tolerance in bioenergy crops such as physic nut. Although HD-Zip proteins are known regulators of stress responses, the functional roles...

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Main Authors: Yuehui Tang, Xiaohui Wang, Yaoyao Wang, Jiatong Xie, Ruoyu Zhang, Tengfei Liu, Sainan Jia, Xinxin Bao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Genomics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11566-1
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author Yuehui Tang
Xiaohui Wang
Yaoyao Wang
Jiatong Xie
Ruoyu Zhang
Tengfei Liu
Sainan Jia
Xinxin Bao
author_facet Yuehui Tang
Xiaohui Wang
Yaoyao Wang
Jiatong Xie
Ruoyu Zhang
Tengfei Liu
Sainan Jia
Xinxin Bao
author_sort Yuehui Tang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The HD-Zip family of plant-specific transcription factors coordinates developmental processes and abiotic stress adaptation, including drought tolerance in bioenergy crops such as physic nut. Although HD-Zip proteins are known regulators of stress responses, the functional roles of physic nut HD-Zip genes in drought adaptation remain uncharacterized. Results In this study, we functionally characterized JcHDZ25, a drought-inducible HD-Zip I gene from physic nut, which is predominantly expressed in roots and upregulated by ABA and drought. Subcellular localization and transcriptional activity assays confirmed that JcHDZ25 localized to the nucleus and exhibited intrinsic transcriptional activation. Transgenic rice overexpressing JcHDZ25 displayed enhanced drought tolerance and ABA sensitivity compared to wild-type plants. Under drought stress, JcHDZ25-overexpressing lines showed significantly higher proline content, elevated SOD and CAT activities, and reduced electrolyte leakage and MDA accumulation relative to wild-type controls. Furthermore, transgenic plants showed higher expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes (OsAPX2, OsCATA, OsLEA3, OsP5 CS, OsDREB2 A, OsADC1) and ABA pathway-related genes (OsNCED3, OsRD29 A) under drought stress compared to wild-type plants. Conclusions JcHDZ25 positively regulates drought tolerance in rice possibly through an ABA-dependent transcriptional regulation, providing mechanistic insights into physic nut’s drought adaptation and highlighting its potential as a genetic resource for engineering stress-resilient crops.
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spelling doaj-art-6ff6329573f64129a9e59e1bf2dd5ec92025-08-20T03:06:54ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-04-0126111310.1186/s12864-025-11566-1Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic riceYuehui Tang0Xiaohui Wang1Yaoyao Wang2Jiatong Xie3Ruoyu Zhang4Tengfei Liu5Sainan Jia6Xinxin Bao7College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal UniversityCollege of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal UniversityCollege of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal UniversityState Key Laboratary of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan UniversityCollege of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal UniversityCollege of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal UniversityCollege of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal UniversitySchool of Journalism and Communication, Zhoukou Normal UniversityAbstract Background The HD-Zip family of plant-specific transcription factors coordinates developmental processes and abiotic stress adaptation, including drought tolerance in bioenergy crops such as physic nut. Although HD-Zip proteins are known regulators of stress responses, the functional roles of physic nut HD-Zip genes in drought adaptation remain uncharacterized. Results In this study, we functionally characterized JcHDZ25, a drought-inducible HD-Zip I gene from physic nut, which is predominantly expressed in roots and upregulated by ABA and drought. Subcellular localization and transcriptional activity assays confirmed that JcHDZ25 localized to the nucleus and exhibited intrinsic transcriptional activation. Transgenic rice overexpressing JcHDZ25 displayed enhanced drought tolerance and ABA sensitivity compared to wild-type plants. Under drought stress, JcHDZ25-overexpressing lines showed significantly higher proline content, elevated SOD and CAT activities, and reduced electrolyte leakage and MDA accumulation relative to wild-type controls. Furthermore, transgenic plants showed higher expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes (OsAPX2, OsCATA, OsLEA3, OsP5 CS, OsDREB2 A, OsADC1) and ABA pathway-related genes (OsNCED3, OsRD29 A) under drought stress compared to wild-type plants. Conclusions JcHDZ25 positively regulates drought tolerance in rice possibly through an ABA-dependent transcriptional regulation, providing mechanistic insights into physic nut’s drought adaptation and highlighting its potential as a genetic resource for engineering stress-resilient crops.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11566-1HD-ZipJcHDZ25Drought stressPhysic nutABA
spellingShingle Yuehui Tang
Xiaohui Wang
Yaoyao Wang
Jiatong Xie
Ruoyu Zhang
Tengfei Liu
Sainan Jia
Xinxin Bao
Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice
BMC Genomics
HD-Zip
JcHDZ25
Drought stress
Physic nut
ABA
title Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice
title_full Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice
title_fullStr Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice
title_full_unstemmed Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice
title_short Heterologous expression of physic nut JcHDZ25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice
title_sort heterologous expression of physic nut jchdz25 confers tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice
topic HD-Zip
JcHDZ25
Drought stress
Physic nut
ABA
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11566-1
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