Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study

Aim: To compare and assess the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy (ATT), virtual reality (VR), and conventional pretreatment behavior modification techniques as behavior management tools in 6-12-year-old children. Materials and methods: A total of 90 children falling in the 6-12 years age brac...

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Main Authors: Ketki Kashyap, Kopal Singh, Shivani Mathur, Manvi Malik, Pulkit Jhingan, Pallavi Anand
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of South Asian Association of Pediatric Dentistry
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Online Access:https://www.jsaapd.com/doi/JSAAPD/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10077-3318
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author Ketki Kashyap
Kopal Singh
Shivani Mathur
Manvi Malik
Pulkit Jhingan
Pallavi Anand
author_facet Ketki Kashyap
Kopal Singh
Shivani Mathur
Manvi Malik
Pulkit Jhingan
Pallavi Anand
author_sort Ketki Kashyap
collection DOAJ
description Aim: To compare and assess the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy (ATT), virtual reality (VR), and conventional pretreatment behavior modification techniques as behavior management tools in 6-12-year-old children. Materials and methods: A total of 90 children falling in the 6-12 years age bracket were included based on selection criteria and were randomly divided into three groups—group I: AAT, group II: VR, and group III: playroom activity. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative anxiety levels were measured using the modified child dental anxiety scale (MCDAS) criteria, sound eyes motor (SEM) scale, and visual analog scale (VAS), respectively, along with objective scores like oxygen saturation and pulse rate (PR) during each phase. Results: No statistically significant difference in MCDAS score, age, Frankl behavior rating scores, preoperative PR, and oxygen saturation was observed among all the groups. Intraoperatively, the anxiety was evaluated objectively using PR and oxygen saturation, and subjectively using SEM scores. A highly statistically significant difference was seen in the SEM scores between all the three groups (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Postoperatively, a highly significant reduction in anxiety levels was observed when PR, oxygen saturation, and VAS scores were assessed. Conclusion: A significant reduction in the anxiety levels of children was seen in AAT and VR, and hence, both methods can be employed to abate the dental anxiety experienced by a child.
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spelling doaj-art-6fdd53ec3633487ebfaaca7d8abeed562025-08-20T03:41:14ZengJaypee Brothers Medical PublisherJournal of South Asian Association of Pediatric Dentistry2582-10242025-04-01813810.5005/jp-journals-10077-33182Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial StudyKetki Kashyap0Kopal Singh1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9341-1743Shivani Mathur2Manvi Malik3Pulkit Jhingan4Pallavi Anand5Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS-CDSR, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaKopal Singh, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Phone: +91 8879316848Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS-CDSR, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, IP Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, ITS-CDSR, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaAim: To compare and assess the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy (ATT), virtual reality (VR), and conventional pretreatment behavior modification techniques as behavior management tools in 6-12-year-old children. Materials and methods: A total of 90 children falling in the 6-12 years age bracket were included based on selection criteria and were randomly divided into three groups—group I: AAT, group II: VR, and group III: playroom activity. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative anxiety levels were measured using the modified child dental anxiety scale (MCDAS) criteria, sound eyes motor (SEM) scale, and visual analog scale (VAS), respectively, along with objective scores like oxygen saturation and pulse rate (PR) during each phase. Results: No statistically significant difference in MCDAS score, age, Frankl behavior rating scores, preoperative PR, and oxygen saturation was observed among all the groups. Intraoperatively, the anxiety was evaluated objectively using PR and oxygen saturation, and subjectively using SEM scores. A highly statistically significant difference was seen in the SEM scores between all the three groups (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Postoperatively, a highly significant reduction in anxiety levels was observed when PR, oxygen saturation, and VAS scores were assessed. Conclusion: A significant reduction in the anxiety levels of children was seen in AAT and VR, and hence, both methods can be employed to abate the dental anxiety experienced by a child.https://www.jsaapd.com/doi/JSAAPD/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10077-3318advanced behavior management techniqueaudiovisual distractionbehavior guidancebehavior management of childrencognitive behavioral play therapyvirtual reality
spellingShingle Ketki Kashyap
Kopal Singh
Shivani Mathur
Manvi Malik
Pulkit Jhingan
Pallavi Anand
Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
Journal of South Asian Association of Pediatric Dentistry
advanced behavior management technique
audiovisual distraction
behavior guidance
behavior management of children
cognitive behavioral play therapy
virtual reality
title Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
title_full Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
title_fullStr Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
title_short Comparison of Animal-assisted Therapy, Virtual Reality, and Conventional Pretreatment Behavior Modification Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
title_sort comparison of animal assisted therapy virtual reality and conventional pretreatment behavior modification techniques a randomized controlled trial study
topic advanced behavior management technique
audiovisual distraction
behavior guidance
behavior management of children
cognitive behavioral play therapy
virtual reality
url https://www.jsaapd.com/doi/JSAAPD/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10077-3318
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