Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance
Abstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) non-invasively measure blood oxygen fluctuations related to brain activity...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85858-7 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832585918754586624 |
|---|---|
| author | Zachary E. Markow Jason W. Trobaugh Edward J. Richter Kalyan Tripathy Sean M. Rafferty Alexandra M. Svoboda Mariel L. Schroeder Tracy M. Burns-Yocum Karla M. Bergonzi Mark A. Chevillet Emily M. Mugler Adam T. Eggebrecht Joseph P. Culver |
| author_facet | Zachary E. Markow Jason W. Trobaugh Edward J. Richter Kalyan Tripathy Sean M. Rafferty Alexandra M. Svoboda Mariel L. Schroeder Tracy M. Burns-Yocum Karla M. Bergonzi Mark A. Chevillet Emily M. Mugler Adam T. Eggebrecht Joseph P. Culver |
| author_sort | Zachary E. Markow |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) non-invasively measure blood oxygen fluctuations related to brain activity, like fMRI, at the brain surface, using more-lightweight equipment that circumvents ergonomic and logistical limitations of fMRI. HD-DOT grids have smaller inter-optode spacing (~ 13 mm) than sparse fNIRS (~ 30 mm) and therefore provide higher image quality, with spatial resolution ~ 1/2 that of fMRI, when using the several source-detector distances (13–40 mm) afforded by the HD-DOT grid. Herein, simulations indicated reducing inter-optode spacing to 6.5 mm, creating a higher-density grid with more source-detector distances, would further improve image quality and noise-resolution tradeoff, with diminishing returns below 6.5 mm. We then constructed an ultra-high-density DOT system (6.5-mm spacing) with 140 dB dynamic range that imaged stimulus-evoked activations with 30–50% higher spatial resolution and repeatable multi-focal activity with excellent agreement with participant-matched fMRI. Further, this system decoded visual stimulus position with 19–35% lower error than previous HD-DOT, throughout occipital cortex. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6fd601b020d1410d92f3daf9213351bf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-6fd601b020d1410d92f3daf9213351bf2025-01-26T12:23:56ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-85858-7Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performanceZachary E. Markow0Jason W. Trobaugh1Edward J. Richter2Kalyan Tripathy3Sean M. Rafferty4Alexandra M. Svoboda5Mariel L. Schroeder6Tracy M. Burns-Yocum7Karla M. Bergonzi8Mark A. Chevillet9Emily M. Mugler10Adam T. Eggebrecht11Joseph P. Culver12Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of MedicineDepartment of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisDepartment of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of MedicineCollege of Medicine, University of CincinnatiDepartment of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue UniversityMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of MedicineDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisMeta Reality LabsMeta Reality LabsMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of MedicineMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of MedicineAbstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) non-invasively measure blood oxygen fluctuations related to brain activity, like fMRI, at the brain surface, using more-lightweight equipment that circumvents ergonomic and logistical limitations of fMRI. HD-DOT grids have smaller inter-optode spacing (~ 13 mm) than sparse fNIRS (~ 30 mm) and therefore provide higher image quality, with spatial resolution ~ 1/2 that of fMRI, when using the several source-detector distances (13–40 mm) afforded by the HD-DOT grid. Herein, simulations indicated reducing inter-optode spacing to 6.5 mm, creating a higher-density grid with more source-detector distances, would further improve image quality and noise-resolution tradeoff, with diminishing returns below 6.5 mm. We then constructed an ultra-high-density DOT system (6.5-mm spacing) with 140 dB dynamic range that imaged stimulus-evoked activations with 30–50% higher spatial resolution and repeatable multi-focal activity with excellent agreement with participant-matched fMRI. Further, this system decoded visual stimulus position with 19–35% lower error than previous HD-DOT, throughout occipital cortex.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85858-7OpticalNeuroimagingBrainNIRSRetinotopyfMRI |
| spellingShingle | Zachary E. Markow Jason W. Trobaugh Edward J. Richter Kalyan Tripathy Sean M. Rafferty Alexandra M. Svoboda Mariel L. Schroeder Tracy M. Burns-Yocum Karla M. Bergonzi Mark A. Chevillet Emily M. Mugler Adam T. Eggebrecht Joseph P. Culver Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance Scientific Reports Optical Neuroimaging Brain NIRS Retinotopy fMRI |
| title | Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance |
| title_full | Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance |
| title_fullStr | Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance |
| title_short | Ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance |
| title_sort | ultra high density imaging arrays in diffuse optical tomography for human brain mapping improve image quality and decoding performance |
| topic | Optical Neuroimaging Brain NIRS Retinotopy fMRI |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85858-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zacharyemarkow ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT jasonwtrobaugh ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT edwardjrichter ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT kalyantripathy ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT seanmrafferty ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT alexandramsvoboda ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT mariellschroeder ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT tracymburnsyocum ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT karlambergonzi ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT markachevillet ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT emilymmugler ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT adamteggebrecht ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance AT josephpculver ultrahighdensityimagingarraysindiffuseopticaltomographyforhumanbrainmappingimproveimagequalityanddecodingperformance |