Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021
Abstract Background Globally, prostate cancer is a common disease among men. However, limited epidemiological data exists regarding prostate cancer in Tanzania. Consequently, there is insufficient evidence to convince policymakers of the need to combat this health issue. The study aimed to assess th...
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Cancer |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-13194-6 |
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| author | Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi Alex Mremi Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo Furaha Seventh Salum Hassanally Kalonge Charles Nkya Thadeus Jere Mshana Idd Joseph Kennedy Modesta P. Mitao Mramba Nyindo Blandina Theophil Mmbaga Kien Alfred Mteta |
| author_facet | Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi Alex Mremi Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo Furaha Seventh Salum Hassanally Kalonge Charles Nkya Thadeus Jere Mshana Idd Joseph Kennedy Modesta P. Mitao Mramba Nyindo Blandina Theophil Mmbaga Kien Alfred Mteta |
| author_sort | Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Globally, prostate cancer is a common disease among men. However, limited epidemiological data exists regarding prostate cancer in Tanzania. Consequently, there is insufficient evidence to convince policymakers of the need to combat this health issue. The study aimed to assess the prevalence, trends and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in northern Tanzania. Methods This cross-sectional study with chart review utilised data from the Kilimanjaro cancer registry, identifying all adult men diagnosed with cancer from January 2015- December 2021. The study recorded variables such as subject age, symptoms, Gleason score, prostate specific antigen (PSA) and metastatic statuses at presentation. Risk stratification followed American Society of Medical Oncology criteria, including low, intermediate and high-risk categories. The analysis was conducted using STATA version 17. Results Over the study period, 5164 adult men were registered, with prostate cancer accounting for 1619(31.4%) and showing an increase trend in incidence. The mean age at presentation was 73.9(± 10.1) years, and the majority of study subjects were from Kilimanjaro region 1200(74.1%). After applying exclusion criteria, 714 subjects with histologically confirmed diagnoses of prostate cancer remained. Of these, 710(99.4%) were symptomatic at presentation, with lower urinary tract symptoms being the most common symptoms in 548(76.8%). The median PSA at presentation was 109(36.2–263) ng/mL with 349(51.1%) having a PSA of > 100ng/mL. Gleason group grades 4 and 5 accounted for 207(29.5%) and 219(31.2%), respectively. A total of 178(43.6%) subjects had metastatic disease at presentation. The treatment of choice for a large proportion of subject 440(94.6%) was androgen deprivation therapy. Conclusions The burden of prostate cancer in northern Tanzania is high and the majority of subjects present with symptoms. A large proportion of subjects have metastatic disease at initial presentation, emphasizing the need for prostate cancer screening. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6fcc2f28c4054dd5a018ea99c409cf56 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1471-2407 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Cancer |
| spelling | doaj-art-6fcc2f28c4054dd5a018ea99c409cf562025-08-20T02:33:31ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072024-11-012411910.1186/s12885-024-13194-6Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi0Alex Mremi1Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo2Furaha Seventh3Salum Hassanally Kalonge4Charles Nkya5Thadeus Jere Mshana6Idd Joseph Kennedy7Modesta P. Mitao8Mramba Nyindo9Blandina Theophil Mmbaga10Kien Alfred Mteta11Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeOncology Unity, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical CentreFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeFaculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University CollegeAbstract Background Globally, prostate cancer is a common disease among men. However, limited epidemiological data exists regarding prostate cancer in Tanzania. Consequently, there is insufficient evidence to convince policymakers of the need to combat this health issue. The study aimed to assess the prevalence, trends and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in northern Tanzania. Methods This cross-sectional study with chart review utilised data from the Kilimanjaro cancer registry, identifying all adult men diagnosed with cancer from January 2015- December 2021. The study recorded variables such as subject age, symptoms, Gleason score, prostate specific antigen (PSA) and metastatic statuses at presentation. Risk stratification followed American Society of Medical Oncology criteria, including low, intermediate and high-risk categories. The analysis was conducted using STATA version 17. Results Over the study period, 5164 adult men were registered, with prostate cancer accounting for 1619(31.4%) and showing an increase trend in incidence. The mean age at presentation was 73.9(± 10.1) years, and the majority of study subjects were from Kilimanjaro region 1200(74.1%). After applying exclusion criteria, 714 subjects with histologically confirmed diagnoses of prostate cancer remained. Of these, 710(99.4%) were symptomatic at presentation, with lower urinary tract symptoms being the most common symptoms in 548(76.8%). The median PSA at presentation was 109(36.2–263) ng/mL with 349(51.1%) having a PSA of > 100ng/mL. Gleason group grades 4 and 5 accounted for 207(29.5%) and 219(31.2%), respectively. A total of 178(43.6%) subjects had metastatic disease at presentation. The treatment of choice for a large proportion of subject 440(94.6%) was androgen deprivation therapy. Conclusions The burden of prostate cancer in northern Tanzania is high and the majority of subjects present with symptoms. A large proportion of subjects have metastatic disease at initial presentation, emphasizing the need for prostate cancer screening.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-13194-6Prostate cancerClinicopathological characteristicsNorthern Tanzania |
| spellingShingle | Bartholomeo Nicholaus Ngowi Alex Mremi Orgeness Jasper Mbwambo Furaha Seventh Salum Hassanally Kalonge Charles Nkya Thadeus Jere Mshana Idd Joseph Kennedy Modesta P. Mitao Mramba Nyindo Blandina Theophil Mmbaga Kien Alfred Mteta Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021 BMC Cancer Prostate cancer Clinicopathological characteristics Northern Tanzania |
| title | Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021 |
| title_full | Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021 |
| title_fullStr | Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021 |
| title_short | Trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Northern Tanzania: analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015–2021 |
| title_sort | trend in incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in northern tanzania analysis from a population based cancer registry data 2015 2021 |
| topic | Prostate cancer Clinicopathological characteristics Northern Tanzania |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-13194-6 |
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