Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning

BackgroundRecent studies have suggested a potential association between gastric cancer (GC) and myocardial infarction (MI), with shared pathogenic factors. This study aimed to identify these common factors and potential pharmacologic targets.MethodsData from the IEU Open GWAS project were used. Two-...

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Main Authors: Junyang Ma, Shufu Hou, Xinxin Gu, Peng Guo, Jiankang Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1533959/full
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author Junyang Ma
Junyang Ma
Shufu Hou
Xinxin Gu
Peng Guo
Jiankang Zhu
author_facet Junyang Ma
Junyang Ma
Shufu Hou
Xinxin Gu
Peng Guo
Jiankang Zhu
author_sort Junyang Ma
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundRecent studies have suggested a potential association between gastric cancer (GC) and myocardial infarction (MI), with shared pathogenic factors. This study aimed to identify these common factors and potential pharmacologic targets.MethodsData from the IEU Open GWAS project were used. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to explore the causal link between MI and GC. Transcriptome analysis identified common differentially expressed genes, followed by enrichment analysis. Drug target MR analysis and eQTLs validated these associations with GC, and the Steiger direction test confirmed their direction. The random forest and Lasso algorithms were used to identify genes with diagnostic value, leading to nomogram construction. The performance of the model was evaluated via ROC, calibration, and decision curves. Correlations between diagnostic genes and immune cell infiltration were analyzed.ResultsMI was linked to increased GC risk (OR=1.112, P=0.04). Seventy-four genes, which are related mainly to ubiquitin-dependent proteasome pathways, were commonly differentially expressed between MI and GC. Nine genes were consistently associated with GC, and eight had diagnostic value. The nomogram built on these eight genes had strong predictive performance (AUC=0.950, validation set AUC=0.957). Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed significant correlations between several genes and immune cells, such as T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, B cells, and dendritic cells.ConclusionMI is associated with an increased risk of developing GC, and both share common pathogenic factors. The nomogram constructed based on 8 genes with diagnostic value had good predictive performance.
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spelling doaj-art-6fbbbfb88e614e55a923e36db833271b2025-08-20T02:41:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-03-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15339591533959Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learningJunyang Ma0Junyang Ma1Shufu Hou2Xinxin Gu3Peng Guo4Jiankang Zhu5School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, ChinaLaboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaLaboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaJinzhou Medical University, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital Postgraduate Training Base, Shanghai, ChinaCollege of Clinical and Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaLaboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, ChinaBackgroundRecent studies have suggested a potential association between gastric cancer (GC) and myocardial infarction (MI), with shared pathogenic factors. This study aimed to identify these common factors and potential pharmacologic targets.MethodsData from the IEU Open GWAS project were used. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to explore the causal link between MI and GC. Transcriptome analysis identified common differentially expressed genes, followed by enrichment analysis. Drug target MR analysis and eQTLs validated these associations with GC, and the Steiger direction test confirmed their direction. The random forest and Lasso algorithms were used to identify genes with diagnostic value, leading to nomogram construction. The performance of the model was evaluated via ROC, calibration, and decision curves. Correlations between diagnostic genes and immune cell infiltration were analyzed.ResultsMI was linked to increased GC risk (OR=1.112, P=0.04). Seventy-four genes, which are related mainly to ubiquitin-dependent proteasome pathways, were commonly differentially expressed between MI and GC. Nine genes were consistently associated with GC, and eight had diagnostic value. The nomogram built on these eight genes had strong predictive performance (AUC=0.950, validation set AUC=0.957). Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed significant correlations between several genes and immune cells, such as T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, B cells, and dendritic cells.ConclusionMI is associated with an increased risk of developing GC, and both share common pathogenic factors. The nomogram constructed based on 8 genes with diagnostic value had good predictive performance.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1533959/fullgastric cancermyocardial infarctionMendelian randomizationmachine learningtranscriptomics
spellingShingle Junyang Ma
Junyang Ma
Shufu Hou
Xinxin Gu
Peng Guo
Jiankang Zhu
Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning
Frontiers in Immunology
gastric cancer
myocardial infarction
Mendelian randomization
machine learning
transcriptomics
title Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning
title_full Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning
title_fullStr Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning
title_short Analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning
title_sort analysis of shared pathogenic mechanisms and drug targets in myocardial infarction and gastric cancer based on transcriptomics and machine learning
topic gastric cancer
myocardial infarction
Mendelian randomization
machine learning
transcriptomics
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1533959/full
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