Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows
Abstract Background Bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is considered a public health threat globally. Herein, we aimed to investigate the occurrence, agr typing, antimicrobial resistance patterns, biofilm production, and PCR-based detection of the virulence, biofilm, adhesion, and enter...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Nada H. Eidaroos Abdelazeem M. Algammal Walaa Ismail Mohamaden Asma Massad Alenzi Saad Alghamdi Ahmed Kabrah Heba Sayed El-Mahallawy Hamza M. Eid Alaa Abd Algwad Samar Ali Asfor Heinrich Neubauer Amira A. Moawad Reham M. El-Tarabili |
| author_facet | Nada H. Eidaroos Abdelazeem M. Algammal Walaa Ismail Mohamaden Asma Massad Alenzi Saad Alghamdi Ahmed Kabrah Heba Sayed El-Mahallawy Hamza M. Eid Alaa Abd Algwad Samar Ali Asfor Heinrich Neubauer Amira A. Moawad Reham M. El-Tarabili |
| author_sort | Nada H. Eidaroos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is considered a public health threat globally. Herein, we aimed to investigate the occurrence, agr typing, antimicrobial resistance patterns, biofilm production, and PCR-based detection of the virulence, biofilm, adhesion, and enterotoxins genes of S. aureus strains recovered from clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. Results The prevalence of S. aureus in the examined milk samples was 44.4%. Besides, 95% of the retrieved S. aureus strains were identified as MRSA. Herein, all the tested isolates were biofilm producers. PCR revealed that 85% of the retrieved S. aureus strains were positive for the agr I gene. Furthermore, the clfB, clfA, fnbB, fnbA, and cna genes were detected with a prevalence of 100%, 80%, 60%, 55%, and 30%, respectively. Also, all the tested S. aureus strains were positive for the coa gene (100%). Besides, 92.5% and 85% of the recovered strains harbored the lukF and spa genes, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of the hla, hlb, and hlg hemolysin genes was 70%, 50%, and 35%, respectively. Among the enterotoxin genes, the seb gene was detected in 30% of the tested strains. The prevalence of eno and icaA biofilm genes was 95% in the tested strains. Moreover, 15% of S. aureus strains were MDR to 8 antimicrobial agents and harbored the mecA, ermC, and ermB genes. As well, 12.5% of S. aureus strains were MDR to 8 antimicrobial agents and carried the mecA, ermC, ermB, tetK, and tetM genes. Also, 5% of S. aureus strains were XDR to 11 antimicrobial agents and carried the mecA, ermC, and ermB genes. Conclusions The existence of MDR and XDR MRSA strains in bovine milk is a public health hazard. The mecA, ermC, ermB, tetK, and tetM resistance genes and the coa, clfB, eno, icaA, lukF, spa, clfA, and hla virulence genes are commonly associated with the MDR and XDR MRSA strains. Moreover, the seb gene was the predominant enterotoxin gene in the MRSA strains recovered from milk. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6f8e7fd3ef7f4db192b3bcb80e990593 |
| institution | DOAJ |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-6f8e7fd3ef7f4db192b3bcb80e9905932025-08-20T02:51:27ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802025-03-0125111610.1186/s12866-025-03870-3Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cowsNada H. Eidaroos0Abdelazeem M. Algammal1Walaa Ismail Mohamaden2Asma Massad Alenzi3Saad Alghamdi4Ahmed Kabrah5Heba Sayed El-Mahallawy6Hamza M. Eid7Alaa Abd Algwad8Samar Ali Asfor9Heinrich Neubauer10Amira A. Moawad11Reham M. El-Tarabili12Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityDepartment of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of TabukDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura UniversityDepartment of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityDepartment of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityInstitute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-InstitutInstitute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-InstitutDepartment of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityAbstract Background Bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is considered a public health threat globally. Herein, we aimed to investigate the occurrence, agr typing, antimicrobial resistance patterns, biofilm production, and PCR-based detection of the virulence, biofilm, adhesion, and enterotoxins genes of S. aureus strains recovered from clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. Results The prevalence of S. aureus in the examined milk samples was 44.4%. Besides, 95% of the retrieved S. aureus strains were identified as MRSA. Herein, all the tested isolates were biofilm producers. PCR revealed that 85% of the retrieved S. aureus strains were positive for the agr I gene. Furthermore, the clfB, clfA, fnbB, fnbA, and cna genes were detected with a prevalence of 100%, 80%, 60%, 55%, and 30%, respectively. Also, all the tested S. aureus strains were positive for the coa gene (100%). Besides, 92.5% and 85% of the recovered strains harbored the lukF and spa genes, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of the hla, hlb, and hlg hemolysin genes was 70%, 50%, and 35%, respectively. Among the enterotoxin genes, the seb gene was detected in 30% of the tested strains. The prevalence of eno and icaA biofilm genes was 95% in the tested strains. Moreover, 15% of S. aureus strains were MDR to 8 antimicrobial agents and harbored the mecA, ermC, and ermB genes. As well, 12.5% of S. aureus strains were MDR to 8 antimicrobial agents and carried the mecA, ermC, ermB, tetK, and tetM genes. Also, 5% of S. aureus strains were XDR to 11 antimicrobial agents and carried the mecA, ermC, and ermB genes. Conclusions The existence of MDR and XDR MRSA strains in bovine milk is a public health hazard. The mecA, ermC, ermB, tetK, and tetM resistance genes and the coa, clfB, eno, icaA, lukF, spa, clfA, and hla virulence genes are commonly associated with the MDR and XDR MRSA strains. Moreover, the seb gene was the predominant enterotoxin gene in the MRSA strains recovered from milk.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-03870-3MRSAMDRXDRagr typingBovine mastitisVirulence genes |
| spellingShingle | Nada H. Eidaroos Abdelazeem M. Algammal Walaa Ismail Mohamaden Asma Massad Alenzi Saad Alghamdi Ahmed Kabrah Heba Sayed El-Mahallawy Hamza M. Eid Alaa Abd Algwad Samar Ali Asfor Heinrich Neubauer Amira A. Moawad Reham M. El-Tarabili Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows BMC Microbiology MRSA MDR XDR agr typing Bovine mastitis Virulence genes |
| title | Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_full | Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_fullStr | Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_short | Virulence traits, agr typing, multidrug resistance patterns, and biofilm ability of MDR Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_sort | virulence traits agr typing multidrug resistance patterns and biofilm ability of mdr staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows |
| topic | MRSA MDR XDR agr typing Bovine mastitis Virulence genes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-03870-3 |
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