Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South Africa

Achieving just transitions in South Africa requires integrated and inclusive financing across the water, energy and food (WEF) nexus. This study sought to examine how multi-actor institutional financing structures influence equity and coordination within the WEF nexus. Using a Social Network Analysi...

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Main Authors: Thulani Ningi, Saul Ngarava, Alois A. Mugadza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-12-01
Series:Sustainable Futures
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666188825005829
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author Thulani Ningi
Saul Ngarava
Alois A. Mugadza
author_facet Thulani Ningi
Saul Ngarava
Alois A. Mugadza
author_sort Thulani Ningi
collection DOAJ
description Achieving just transitions in South Africa requires integrated and inclusive financing across the water, energy and food (WEF) nexus. This study sought to examine how multi-actor institutional financing structures influence equity and coordination within the WEF nexus. Using a Social Network Analysis approach, data were collected from key informants representing public, private, and multilateral financial institutions involved in WEF-related projects. Network mapping and centrality metrics were applied to assess institutional interactions and coordination, using University of California Irvine NETwork (UCINET) version 6 for the analysis. The analysis revealed a sparse financing network, with a low-density score (0.062) and limited collaboration across decision-making levels. Key intermediaries, such as the Public Investment Corporation and the Land Bank, were identified as central actors, while local-level financing remained largely absent. The findings highlight the need to strengthen institutional synergies, foster cross-sectoral partnerships, and develop regional financing hubs to address fragmentation and promote inclusive sustainability transitions. The study provides targeted insights for policymakers and financial stakeholders working to realign funding systems with local development priorities and to accelerate equitable sustainability transitions.
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publishDate 2025-12-01
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spelling doaj-art-6f66c4335ede4dedb9873a9fe9fe4b4c2025-08-20T03:25:29ZengElsevierSustainable Futures2666-18882025-12-011010101810.1016/j.sftr.2025.101018Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South AfricaThulani Ningi0Saul Ngarava1Alois A. Mugadza2Markets and Economic Research Centre, National Agricultural Marketing Council (NAMC), South Africa; Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Agribusiness, University of Fort Hare, South Africa; Moore Centre for Science, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA; Corresponding author.School of Natural Science, College of Health and Natural Science, University of Lincoln, United KingdomCaribbean Environmental Law Unit, Faculty of Law, The University of the West Indies, BarbadosAchieving just transitions in South Africa requires integrated and inclusive financing across the water, energy and food (WEF) nexus. This study sought to examine how multi-actor institutional financing structures influence equity and coordination within the WEF nexus. Using a Social Network Analysis approach, data were collected from key informants representing public, private, and multilateral financial institutions involved in WEF-related projects. Network mapping and centrality metrics were applied to assess institutional interactions and coordination, using University of California Irvine NETwork (UCINET) version 6 for the analysis. The analysis revealed a sparse financing network, with a low-density score (0.062) and limited collaboration across decision-making levels. Key intermediaries, such as the Public Investment Corporation and the Land Bank, were identified as central actors, while local-level financing remained largely absent. The findings highlight the need to strengthen institutional synergies, foster cross-sectoral partnerships, and develop regional financing hubs to address fragmentation and promote inclusive sustainability transitions. The study provides targeted insights for policymakers and financial stakeholders working to realign funding systems with local development priorities and to accelerate equitable sustainability transitions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666188825005829Just transition financingSocial network analysisSouth AfricaWEF nexus
spellingShingle Thulani Ningi
Saul Ngarava
Alois A. Mugadza
Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South Africa
Sustainable Futures
Just transition financing
Social network analysis
South Africa
WEF nexus
title Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South Africa
title_full Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South Africa
title_fullStr Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South Africa
title_short Harnessing localised multi-actor institutional water, energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in South Africa
title_sort harnessing localised multi actor institutional water energy and food nexus financing to achieve just transitions in south africa
topic Just transition financing
Social network analysis
South Africa
WEF nexus
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666188825005829
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AT saulngarava harnessinglocalisedmultiactorinstitutionalwaterenergyandfoodnexusfinancingtoachievejusttransitionsinsouthafrica
AT aloisamugadza harnessinglocalisedmultiactorinstitutionalwaterenergyandfoodnexusfinancingtoachievejusttransitionsinsouthafrica