Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator

Abstract The isolation of functional bioactive compounds from microalgae as sustainable sources has emerged as a new area of focus in pharmacology and functional food research. The use of natural ingredients in food products has become very popular today, while desserts made with preservatives and a...

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Main Authors: Asma Enayatian, Seyed Amir Ali Anvar, Bahareh Nowruzi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11972-1
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author Asma Enayatian
Seyed Amir Ali Anvar
Bahareh Nowruzi
author_facet Asma Enayatian
Seyed Amir Ali Anvar
Bahareh Nowruzi
author_sort Asma Enayatian
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The isolation of functional bioactive compounds from microalgae as sustainable sources has emerged as a new area of focus in pharmacology and functional food research. The use of natural ingredients in food products has become very popular today, while desserts made with preservatives and artificial colors have been shown to significantly increase the risk of cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to extract phycoerythrin (PE) from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. and produce and evaluate a semi-prepared probiotic dessert containing Lactobacillus plantarum for 60 days. The stability of the PE was evaluated over 72 h at room temperature. Following this evaluation, dairy desserts containing nano-emulsion of PE and 1% L. plantarum were formulated under different treatments, C0: no PE and L. plantarum, T1: 0.5% PE; T2: 1% PE; T3: 1.5% PE; T4: 2% PE. Then, different physicochemical composition, colorimetric properties, antimicrobial and antioxidant capabilities, and sensory evaluation were performed. Based on the results, protein content, moisture content, and texture stiffness showed that the addition of PE caused a significant increase by 1.59, 1.02, and 3.25 times in comparison to control, respectively. However, no significant effect on the fat and ash content of the samples was observed. The pH and acidity results also showed that the addition of PE increased and decreased in T4 treatment by 1.02 and 0.87 times compared to the control on day 60, respectively (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of PE caused a significant decrease in the brightness index (L*), which was 0.76 times in T4 compared to the control sample. However, the yellowness and redness indexes had increased by 1.94 and 2.3 times, respectively. The total phenol content and antioxidant activity in T4 treatment had also increased by 1.10 and 2.12 times compared to the control sample, respectively. The microbial analysis revealed no Escherichia coli growth in any of the treatments, and a 0.56 times decrease in the total count of mold and yeast in the T4 treatment compared to the control sample. The survival of probiotic bacteria in T4 treatment had increased by 1.08 times. The results of flavor and overall acceptability showed that the addition of PE caused a significant increase in the sensory evaluation, while odor and color had decreased. The results suggest that the prepared dairy dessert can serve as a beneficial probiotic product for a period of 60 days.
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spelling doaj-art-6f4942e621ee4ea09cd4baec8a4942232025-08-20T03:46:03ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-11972-1Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigeratorAsma Enayatian0Seyed Amir Ali Anvar1Bahareh Nowruzi2Department of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad UniversityDepartment of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityDepartment of Biology, SR.C., Islamic Azad UniversityAbstract The isolation of functional bioactive compounds from microalgae as sustainable sources has emerged as a new area of focus in pharmacology and functional food research. The use of natural ingredients in food products has become very popular today, while desserts made with preservatives and artificial colors have been shown to significantly increase the risk of cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to extract phycoerythrin (PE) from the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. and produce and evaluate a semi-prepared probiotic dessert containing Lactobacillus plantarum for 60 days. The stability of the PE was evaluated over 72 h at room temperature. Following this evaluation, dairy desserts containing nano-emulsion of PE and 1% L. plantarum were formulated under different treatments, C0: no PE and L. plantarum, T1: 0.5% PE; T2: 1% PE; T3: 1.5% PE; T4: 2% PE. Then, different physicochemical composition, colorimetric properties, antimicrobial and antioxidant capabilities, and sensory evaluation were performed. Based on the results, protein content, moisture content, and texture stiffness showed that the addition of PE caused a significant increase by 1.59, 1.02, and 3.25 times in comparison to control, respectively. However, no significant effect on the fat and ash content of the samples was observed. The pH and acidity results also showed that the addition of PE increased and decreased in T4 treatment by 1.02 and 0.87 times compared to the control on day 60, respectively (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of PE caused a significant decrease in the brightness index (L*), which was 0.76 times in T4 compared to the control sample. However, the yellowness and redness indexes had increased by 1.94 and 2.3 times, respectively. The total phenol content and antioxidant activity in T4 treatment had also increased by 1.10 and 2.12 times compared to the control sample, respectively. The microbial analysis revealed no Escherichia coli growth in any of the treatments, and a 0.56 times decrease in the total count of mold and yeast in the T4 treatment compared to the control sample. The survival of probiotic bacteria in T4 treatment had increased by 1.08 times. The results of flavor and overall acceptability showed that the addition of PE caused a significant increase in the sensory evaluation, while odor and color had decreased. The results suggest that the prepared dairy dessert can serve as a beneficial probiotic product for a period of 60 days.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11972-1Semi-prepared probiotic dessertPhycoerythrinNostoc sp.Dairy products
spellingShingle Asma Enayatian
Seyed Amir Ali Anvar
Bahareh Nowruzi
Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator
Scientific Reports
Semi-prepared probiotic dessert
Phycoerythrin
Nostoc sp.
Dairy products
title Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator
title_full Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator
title_fullStr Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator
title_short Evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and Lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator
title_sort evaluation of semi prepared probiotic dessert containing phycoerythrin and lactobacillus plantarum for period of up to two months within the refrigerator
topic Semi-prepared probiotic dessert
Phycoerythrin
Nostoc sp.
Dairy products
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11972-1
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