The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Abstract Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen for respiratory infections in children. Previous studies have reported respiratory tract microbial disturbances associated with MP infection (MPI); however, since the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory virome data in school-aged childre...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02626-9 |
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| author | Dianqi Zhang Yang Cao Biao Dai Teng Zhang Xing Jin Qingyue Lan Chaoying Qian Yumin He Yi Jiang |
| author_facet | Dianqi Zhang Yang Cao Biao Dai Teng Zhang Xing Jin Qingyue Lan Chaoying Qian Yumin He Yi Jiang |
| author_sort | Dianqi Zhang |
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| description | Abstract Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen for respiratory infections in children. Previous studies have reported respiratory tract microbial disturbances associated with MP infection (MPI); however, since the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory virome data in school-aged children with MPI remains insufficient. This study aims to explore the changes in the respiratory virome caused by MPI after the COVID-19 pandemic to enrich local epidemiological data. Methods Clinical samples from 70 children with MPI (70 throat swab samples and 70 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples) and 78 healthy controls (78 throat swab samples) were analyzed using viral metagenomics. Virus reads were calculated and normalized using MEGAN.6, followed by statistical analysis. Results Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed that viral community diversity is a significant difference between disease cohorts and healthy controls. After MPI, the number of virus species in the upper respiratory tract (URT) increased obviously, and the abundance of families Poxviridae, Retroviridae, and Iridoviridae, which infect vertebrates, rose evidently, particularly the species BeAn 58,085 virus (BAV). Meanwhile, phage alterations in the disease cohorts were predominantly characterized by increased Myoviridae and Ackermannviridae families and decreased Siphoviridae and Salasmaviridae families (p < 0.01). In addition, some new viruses, such as rhinovirus, respirovirus, dependoparvovirus, and a novel gemykibvirus, were also detected in the BALF of the disease cohort. Conclusions This cross-sectional research highlighted the respiratory virome characteristics of school-aged children with MPI after the COVID-19 outbreak and provided important epidemiological information. Further investigation into the impact of various microorganisms on diseases will aid in developing clinical treatment strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6f33e01524e8446ea2e62d757cec24be |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1743-422X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Virology Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-6f33e01524e8446ea2e62d757cec24be2025-01-19T12:10:15ZengBMCVirology Journal1743-422X2025-01-0122111210.1186/s12985-025-02626-9The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infectionDianqi Zhang0Yang Cao1Biao Dai2Teng Zhang3Xing Jin4Qingyue Lan5Chaoying Qian6Yumin He7Yi Jiang8Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthDepartment of Pediatric, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversitySchool of Medicine, Qilu Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Radiology, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityDepartment of Radiology, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityDepartment of Radiology, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityMedical research center, Northern Jiangsu People’s HospitalDepartment of Pediatric, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityAbstract Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen for respiratory infections in children. Previous studies have reported respiratory tract microbial disturbances associated with MP infection (MPI); however, since the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory virome data in school-aged children with MPI remains insufficient. This study aims to explore the changes in the respiratory virome caused by MPI after the COVID-19 pandemic to enrich local epidemiological data. Methods Clinical samples from 70 children with MPI (70 throat swab samples and 70 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples) and 78 healthy controls (78 throat swab samples) were analyzed using viral metagenomics. Virus reads were calculated and normalized using MEGAN.6, followed by statistical analysis. Results Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed that viral community diversity is a significant difference between disease cohorts and healthy controls. After MPI, the number of virus species in the upper respiratory tract (URT) increased obviously, and the abundance of families Poxviridae, Retroviridae, and Iridoviridae, which infect vertebrates, rose evidently, particularly the species BeAn 58,085 virus (BAV). Meanwhile, phage alterations in the disease cohorts were predominantly characterized by increased Myoviridae and Ackermannviridae families and decreased Siphoviridae and Salasmaviridae families (p < 0.01). In addition, some new viruses, such as rhinovirus, respirovirus, dependoparvovirus, and a novel gemykibvirus, were also detected in the BALF of the disease cohort. Conclusions This cross-sectional research highlighted the respiratory virome characteristics of school-aged children with MPI after the COVID-19 outbreak and provided important epidemiological information. Further investigation into the impact of various microorganisms on diseases will aid in developing clinical treatment strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02626-9School-aged childrenRespiratory infectionMycoplasma pneumoniaeViral metagenomicsRespiratory virome |
| spellingShingle | Dianqi Zhang Yang Cao Biao Dai Teng Zhang Xing Jin Qingyue Lan Chaoying Qian Yumin He Yi Jiang The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection Virology Journal School-aged children Respiratory infection Mycoplasma pneumoniae Viral metagenomics Respiratory virome |
| title | The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection |
| title_full | The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection |
| title_fullStr | The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection |
| title_short | The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection |
| title_sort | virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school aged children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection |
| topic | School-aged children Respiratory infection Mycoplasma pneumoniae Viral metagenomics Respiratory virome |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02626-9 |
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