Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences
A primary concern of CO2‐induced warming is the associated rise of tropical (10S‐10N) sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs). GISS Model‐E was used to produce two sets of simulations‐one with the present‐day and one with doubled CO2 in the atmosphere. The intrinsic usefulness of model guidance in the tropi...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2008-06-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033872 |
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| author | Y. C. Sud G. K. Walker Y. P. Zhou Gavin A. Schmidt K.‐M. Lau Robert F. Cahalan |
| author_facet | Y. C. Sud G. K. Walker Y. P. Zhou Gavin A. Schmidt K.‐M. Lau Robert F. Cahalan |
| author_sort | Y. C. Sud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A primary concern of CO2‐induced warming is the associated rise of tropical (10S‐10N) sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs). GISS Model‐E was used to produce two sets of simulations‐one with the present‐day and one with doubled CO2 in the atmosphere. The intrinsic usefulness of model guidance in the tropics was confirmed when the model simulated realistic convective coupling between SSTs and atmospheric soundings and that the simulated‐data correlations between SSTs and 300 hPa moist‐static energies were similar to the observed. Model predicted SST limits for (i) the onset of deep convection and (ii) maximum SST, increased in the doubled CO2 environment. Changes in cloud heights, cloud frequencies, and cloud mass‐fractions showed that convective‐cloud changes increased the SSTs, while warmer mixed‐layer of the doubled CO2 contained ∼10% more water vapor; clearly that would be conducive to more intense storms and hurricanes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6ed0d0981ff04f589b7372d7aab7f0fa |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2008-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-6ed0d0981ff04f589b7372d7aab7f0fa2025-08-20T03:08:01ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072008-06-013512n/an/a10.1029/2008GL033872Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferencesY. C. Sud0G. K. Walker1Y. P. Zhou2Gavin A. Schmidt3K.‐M. Lau4Robert F. Cahalan5Laboratory for Atmospheres NASA GSFC Greenbelt Maryland USAScience Applications International Corp. Beltsville Maryland USAGoddard Earth Science and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland USAGoddard Institute of Space Studies New York New York USALaboratory for Atmospheres NASA GSFC Greenbelt Maryland USALaboratory for Atmospheres NASA GSFC Greenbelt Maryland USAA primary concern of CO2‐induced warming is the associated rise of tropical (10S‐10N) sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs). GISS Model‐E was used to produce two sets of simulations‐one with the present‐day and one with doubled CO2 in the atmosphere. The intrinsic usefulness of model guidance in the tropics was confirmed when the model simulated realistic convective coupling between SSTs and atmospheric soundings and that the simulated‐data correlations between SSTs and 300 hPa moist‐static energies were similar to the observed. Model predicted SST limits for (i) the onset of deep convection and (ii) maximum SST, increased in the doubled CO2 environment. Changes in cloud heights, cloud frequencies, and cloud mass‐fractions showed that convective‐cloud changes increased the SSTs, while warmer mixed‐layer of the doubled CO2 contained ∼10% more water vapor; clearly that would be conducive to more intense storms and hurricanes.https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033872tropical warminghighest SSTmoist convection |
| spellingShingle | Y. C. Sud G. K. Walker Y. P. Zhou Gavin A. Schmidt K.‐M. Lau Robert F. Cahalan Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences Geophysical Research Letters tropical warming highest SST moist convection |
| title | Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences |
| title_full | Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences |
| title_fullStr | Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences |
| title_short | Effects of doubled CO2 on tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for onset of deep convection and maximum SST: Simulations based inferences |
| title_sort | effects of doubled co2 on tropical sea surface temperatures ssts for onset of deep convection and maximum sst simulations based inferences |
| topic | tropical warming highest SST moist convection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033872 |
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