Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials

Abstract Foreign direct investment is a critical material extraction and revenue generation tool, but its role in reducing clean energy vulnerability is often overlooked. Here, we use the clean energy vulnerability index and explore how foreign direct investment mitigates energy shortages in countri...

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Main Authors: Jean Pierre Namahoro, Wu Qiaosheng, Deyun Wang, Zhou Na
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02319-9
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author Jean Pierre Namahoro
Wu Qiaosheng
Deyun Wang
Zhou Na
author_facet Jean Pierre Namahoro
Wu Qiaosheng
Deyun Wang
Zhou Na
author_sort Jean Pierre Namahoro
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Foreign direct investment is a critical material extraction and revenue generation tool, but its role in reducing clean energy vulnerability is often overlooked. Here, we use the clean energy vulnerability index and explore how foreign direct investment mitigates energy shortages in countries abundant in critical materials such as bauxite, cobalt, nickel, manganese, and platinum. We found that from 2016 to 2021, foreign direct investment controlled large portions of critical materials in vulnerable countries, with 56% of bauxite, 59% of cobalt and nickel, 52% of manganese, and 57% of platinum. Redirecting 40% of foreign direct investment-controlled production towards the deployment of clean energy could reduce energy vulnerability in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Indonesia, South Africa, and Guinea. The foreign investment redirection could enhance global energy transition equity, offering a strategic pathway for aligning with sustainable energy goals.
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publishDate 2025-05-01
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spelling doaj-art-6ec9da7dce9b4f3ebffd3fd431847e3e2025-08-20T03:09:20ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-05-016111010.1038/s43247-025-02319-9Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materialsJean Pierre Namahoro0Wu Qiaosheng1Deyun Wang2Zhou Na3School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)Abstract Foreign direct investment is a critical material extraction and revenue generation tool, but its role in reducing clean energy vulnerability is often overlooked. Here, we use the clean energy vulnerability index and explore how foreign direct investment mitigates energy shortages in countries abundant in critical materials such as bauxite, cobalt, nickel, manganese, and platinum. We found that from 2016 to 2021, foreign direct investment controlled large portions of critical materials in vulnerable countries, with 56% of bauxite, 59% of cobalt and nickel, 52% of manganese, and 57% of platinum. Redirecting 40% of foreign direct investment-controlled production towards the deployment of clean energy could reduce energy vulnerability in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Indonesia, South Africa, and Guinea. The foreign investment redirection could enhance global energy transition equity, offering a strategic pathway for aligning with sustainable energy goals.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02319-9
spellingShingle Jean Pierre Namahoro
Wu Qiaosheng
Deyun Wang
Zhou Na
Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials
Communications Earth & Environment
title Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials
title_full Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials
title_fullStr Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials
title_full_unstemmed Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials
title_short Foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials
title_sort foreign direct investment can enhance the development of clean energy in countries with critical materials
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02319-9
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AT deyunwang foreigndirectinvestmentcanenhancethedevelopmentofcleanenergyincountrieswithcriticalmaterials
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